Year: 2012
Type: dissertation
Abstract: Insulin resistance is characterized by a blunted biological response to insulin, and it is the hallmark of obesity and type 2 diabetes. Since skeletal muscle is among the major metabolic organs in the body, a better understanding of the molecular pathways regulating metabolic responses in muscle will help to develop novel strategies to improve glucose and lipid metabolism. Here, two different models of human skeletal muscle, intact skeletal muscle strips and primary human myotubes, were used to study acute regulation of metabolism. Globular adiponectin modestly increased glucose transport in type 2 diabetic, but not in nondiabetic muscle strips, without any effects on proximal insulin signaling. Insulin sensitizing drug rosiglitazone did not affect glucose transport or proximal insulin signaling events in intact human muscle strips, but it transiently activated AMPK-signaling pathway. Polyphenolic compound resveratrol inhibited fatty acid oxidation, glucose metabolism and insulin signaling in human myotubes. Moreover, resveratrol increased ER stress and directly inhibited AMPK activity. Palmitate impaired glucose metabolism and increased ER stress in primary human myotubes and also in intact skeletal muscle strips from overweight, but not lean men. Thus, the role of ER stress in the pathogenesis of fatty acid induced insulin resistance and T2D warrants further studies.
Source: Työväentutkimus Vuosikirja
Author: Paulina Skrobuk
Language: English
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Open Access status: green
Funder: Minerva Foundation
OpenAlex ID: W1256367520