Water economization in summer greengram (Vigna radiata var radiata) as influenced by irrigation regimes and land configurations
Year: 2008
Type: article
Abstract: The field experiment during summer seasons of 2005 and 2006 was conducted at New Delhi to economize the water use in greengram (Vigna radiata var radiata) by means of irrigation regimes and land configurations. Irrigation at 120 mm cumulative pan evaporation recorded significantly the highest plant height (36.6 cm), leaves / plant (15.4), leaf - area index (3.2), nodules/plant (24.4), shoot dry weight (8.6 g/plant), total dry weight (12.4 g/plant), pod length (7.1 cm), pods/plant (16.2), grains / pod (8.9), grain weight / pod (0.41 g), grain yield (1.37 tonnes/ha), straw yield (3.08 tonnes/ha), protein yield (302.1 kg/ha) and total N, P and K uptake (127.8, 13.6 and 77.8 kg/ha, respectively). Irrigation at 200 mm cumulative pan evapoation recorded significantly the highest root length (22.3 cm), root dry weight/plant (4.37 g), root:shoot ratio (0.75) and available N (76.2 kg/ha) and available P (20.1 kg/ha) in soil at harvest. Irrigation at 80 mm cumulative pan evapoation recorded the highest consumptive use of water and rate of water use (36.22 cm and 5.33 mm/day, respectively) and irrigation at 200 mm cumulative pan evaporation resulted in the highest water-use efficiency (44.75 kg/ha cm) and the lowest consumptive use of water and rate of water use (24.8 cm and 3.6 mm/day respectively). In 0-15 cm soil depth the highest soil moisture was extracted under irrigation at 80 mm cumulative pan evapoation (18.95%). Furrow irrigated raised bed system recorded significantly the highest biometric observations except root:shoot ratio, yield attributes except pod length and test weight, grain and straw yields (1.40 and 3.05 tonnes/ha respectively), protein yield (315.8 kg/ha) and total N, P and K uptake / plant. Zero tillage resulted in significantly the highest available N (79.4 kg/ha) and available P(18.9 kg/ha) in soil at harvest. The highest consumptive use of water, rate of water use and water use efficiency (31.34 cm, 4.61 mm/day and 44.72 kg/ha cm respectively) were recorded under furrow irrigated raised bed system. From 0-15 cm soil depth, the highest soil moisture (76.56%) was extracted in zero tillage, followed by ridge side sowing and irrigation (71.42%). Pods /plant, grain yield and total N uptake were recorded significantly the highest with irrigation at 120 mm cumulative pan evaporation in combination with furrow irrigated raised bed system. Net return and benefit: cost ratio were the highest with irrigation at 120 mm cumulative pan evaporation (Rs 9 498/ha and 0.97 respectively). Similarly furrow in-gated raised bed system recorded the highest net return and benefit cost ratio (Rs 10 177/ha and 1.03 respectively).
Authors: L.K. Idnani, H.K. Gautam
Language: English
Subfield: Soil Science
Domain: Life Sciences
SDG: Zero hunger
Open Access status: diamond
OpenAlex ID: W154327348