Functional Anatomy of the Motor and Non‐Motor Circuitry of the Basal Ganglia
Year: 2011
Type: other
Abstract: The basal ganglia are traditionally viewed as key components of the “extrapyramidal motor circuitry.” However, it has become clear over the past several decades that the influence of basal ganglia extends far beyond the motor system. Through its inputs from associative, limbic, and sensorimotor cortices, the striatum represents the main entrance for extrinsic information to the basal ganglia. Once integrated and processed at the striatal level, the information is conveyed to the pallidum and thence to thalamic or brainstem regions through segregated loops of information that gain access to motor and non-motor frontal cortical areas or descending reticular systems. Although basal ganglia disorders are commonly seen as motor deficits, it is now well established that the symptomatology and pathophysiology of disorders such as Parkinson's disease also comprise significant cognitive and emotional components. This chapter reviews the main anatomic features of the primate basal ganglia with particular emphasis on cellular microcircuits and neural networks that underlie some of the non-motor functions and dysfunctions of these brain regions in normal and diseased states.
Source: Parkinson s Disease
Author: Yoland Smith
Institutions: Emory University, Emory National Primate Research Center
Language: English
Subfield: Neurology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Open Access status: gold
Estimated APC paid: $2,160
OpenAlex ID: W1551352952