Year: 2011
Type: report
Abstract: 1.(4) Brook's estimate of 9X seems to hold.Even with APL, adaptive design and a highly skilled programmer, the initial development effort has to be supplemented by continuous attention to improving the usability of the DSS.Of course, since APL reduces X, it also makes the total effort -9Xacceptable.2. School Financial Policy Issues Since the early 1970' s, the funding of public schools has been a major legislative and judicial issue in at least half the states 3 in the country.The Serrano case in California (1973) established that a child's opportunity for educationexpressed in terms of expenditures per pupil in each school district in the stateshould not be determined by his or her parents' and neighbors' wealth.Towns with high wealth and property values can raise large revenues for less effort than poor ones.Since local property taxes are the major component of school revenues, this has resulted in huge dis- parities between neighboring districts.To resolve this inequity, the state must both limit rich districts' expenditures and provide substantial aid to poor ones.The main result of school finance reform has been to place responsibility on the state legislature and executive to determine the "formula", the set of precise equations on which each district's state aid is based.This requires fundamental rather than incremental analysis.A school district can base next year's plans on a budgeting procedure which largely examines cost increases (especially in teachers' salaries).The voters in the town will approveor, increasingly in recent years, rejectthe budget.Similarly, in states where school finance is not a major issue, the legislature can adjust last year's formula, increasing the basic state aid by, say, 8%.analytic techniques.This means ongoing develop- ment; it is essential that users be able to get access toand contribute tothe results.Portability is as much a political as a technical concept.ISSPA Design Features 3. 1
Authors: Peter G. W. Keen, Thomas J. Gambino
Language: English
Subfield: Management Information Systems
Domain: Social Sciences
SDG: Quality education
Open Access status: green
OpenAlex ID: W1593419870