Year: 2004
Type: article
Abstract: Susceptibility to tuberculosis is multifactorial. The \nimportance of host genetic factors on the susceptibility \nor resistance to tuberculosis has been emphasized by \nmany workers. Host genetic factors such as human \nleucocyte antigens (HLA) and non-HLA genes that are \nassociated with the susceptibility to tuberculosis will \nserve as genetic markers to predispose or predetermine \nthe development of the disease. Such markers may be \nuseful to understand the immune mechanism of susceptibility \nor resistance to tuberculosis. Association of \nvarious HLA and non-HLA genes with susceptibility \nto tuberculosis in various ethnic population has been \nestablished. HLA studies carried out in the Asian \nregion, especially in India, revealed the association of \nHLA-DR2 and -DQ1 antigens with the susceptibility \nto pulmonary TB. Further, studies on DNA typing \nexplored the association of DRB1 *1501 and *1502 \n(DR2 subtypes) in north Indian and DRB1 *1501, DRB1 \n*0601 (DQ1 subtype) and DPB1 *02 (DP2 subtype) in \nsouth Indian population. Various studies on non-classical \nmajor histocompatibility complex (MHC) genes and \nnon-MHC/non-HLA gene polymorphisms such as transporter \nassociated with antigen processing (TAP), tumour \nnecrosis factor a and b (TNF a and b), mannose binding \nlectin (MBL), vitamin D receptor (VDR) (BsmI, \nApaI, TaqI and FokI polymorphisms), Interleukin-1 \nreceptor antagonist (IL-1RA) and natural resistance \nassociated macrophage protein-1 (NRAMP-1) genes \nrevealed the association of TAP2 gene variant along \nwith HLA–DR2 and functional mutant homozygotes \n(FMHs) of MBL with the susceptibility to pulmonary \nTB. The polymorphic BsmI, ApaI, TaqI and FokI gene \nvariants of VDR showed differential susceptibility and \nresistance with male and female subjects. These studies \nsuggest that multicandidate genes are associated with \nthe susceptibility to pulmonary tuberculosis in India.
Author: Periasamy Selvaraj
Language: English
Subfield: Infectious Diseases
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Open Access status: green
OpenAlex ID: W1600873838