Year: 2015
Type: dissertation
Abstract: Type 2 diabetes has reached epidemic proportions globally, and accumulating evidence suggests extremes of sleep duration increase risk. Diet may be an important mechanism, yet few studies examine prospective relationships of sleep duration and diet quality or whether diet explains associations of sleep duration with childhood obesity or diabetes in adults. In Chapter One, we report a moderate correlation between self-reported sleep duration and actigraphy in Sueño, the sleep ancillary study to the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos. Chapter Two identifies associations of chronic insufficient sleep duration since infancy with lower diet quality in mid-childhood in Project Viva: children with the least favorable diet and sleep have the highest body mass index z-scores in mid-childhood, but diet does not explain associations with adiposity. In Chapter Three, adherence to healthful dietary patterns reduces risk of diabetes in the Women’s Health Initiative; high quality diets are protective in all groups, but race/ethnicity modifies associations. In Chapter Four, we find that changes in sleep duration, increases in particular , are associated with diabetes and concomitant changes in diet quality, physical activity and weight in the Nurses’ Health Study. Each of these studies contributes new knowledge: Sueño represents the largest sleep validation to date, the only validation among Hispanic/Latinos and allows researchers to better understand the information contained in (and the limitations of) self-reported measures of sleep duration within subgroups. In the Women’s Health Initiative, we address limitations of the current literature on dietary patterns by calculating four dietary indices within the same cohort, standardizing the scores for comparison and examining associations across racial/ethnic groups. Project Viva is the first study to examine the influence of chronic insufficient sleep on diet quality in childhood when health behaviors and dietary preferences are being formed. Finally, examining changes in sleep duration and changes in diet quality, physical activity and weight in the Nurses’ Health Study represents a novel way to leverage repeated assessments. Results of this dissertation may help build the case for policy and intervention efforts to prevent and treat obesity and diabetes, particularly those that seek to improve both sleep and diet.
Author: Elizabeth M. Cespedes Feliciano
Language: English
Topic: Sleep and related disorders
Subfield: Experimental and Cognitive Psychology
Field: Psychology
Domain: Social Sciences
Open Access status: green
Funders: Office of Dietary Supplements, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Massachusetts General Hospital, University of Miami, Emory University, Northwestern University, San Diego State University, Yeshiva University, University of Pittsburgh, National Institutes of Health, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Yeshiva University, School of Medicine, Emory University, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, University of California, San Diego, Feinberg School of Medicine, Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Cancer Institute, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development
Awards: G1000666853, G1004541261, G1012432845, G1042216835, G1064233440, G1081972346, G1301356587, G1312369436, G1455175283, G1587824183, G18778955, G1917633662, G1951789914, G2135211244, G2135293100, G2466919156, G2501967490, G2575730562, G2644289446, G2667808881, G2990904344, G3062787641, G3677686024, G3796112702, G3838006641, G3952816605, G4121762840, G4240450635, G4430667546, G4552920371, Sleep Pattern as risk factors for disease in the Hispanic Community Health Study , G4860668542, G4940192625, G4989378220, G528357465, G543802643, G5453589122, Reach, Outcomes and System Impacts of the VA's National Weight Loss Program, MOVE, G5517444337, G5547620395, G555858244, Vitamin D for Type 2 Diabetes (D2D trial), G5739677117, G5878028785, G5906656038, Continuation of the Glycemia Reduction Approaches in Diabetes: A Comparative Effectiveness (GRADE) Study, G6028651567, G6156511736, G619791618, Pre- and Peri-natal Predictors of Childhood Obesity, University of Massachusetts Center for Clinical and Translational Science, G6585687856, G6744188800, G6967911674, G7057037114, G7203655167, G7239480477, G7272721675, G7278742613, G7408420985, G7513901258, G7678550560, Mechanisms of Energy Balance and Cancer Prevention, G8102260223, G820454163, G8386326007, Screening for IGT: Glucose Challenge vs Predictive Model, G8536616440, HISPANIC COMMUNITY HEALTH STUDY-268065233, G8840902395, G8904081916, Training Grant in Academic Nutrition
OpenAlex ID: W1716187129