Common Variations in Endocrine Genes in Relation to Growth and Body Composition: Studies in childhood and adolescence
Year: 2011
Type: dissertation
Study design: Observational Study
Abstract: Growth and changes in body composition during childhood and adolescence\\nare regulated and influenced by multiple factors. Among the well-known\\nimportant hormonal systems are the growth hormone \\xc3\\xa2\\xe2\\x82\\xac\\xe2\\x80\\x9c insulin-like growth\\nfactor I (IGF-1) axis, sex steroids and glucocorticoids. Environmental\\nfactors like a safe environment, the absence of disease and sufficient\\nnutritional intake are equally important. Another important factor\\nassociated with postnatal growth and body composition is size at birth.\\nThe non-environmental factors are more or less inheritable. Variation in\\ngenetic background among individuals determines to a large extent\\nphenotypic outcome. Genetic polymorphisms are assumed to play an important\\nrole in gene expression and explaining heritability.\\nThis thesis describes common variations, polymorphisms, in several\\nendocrine genes in relation to growth and body composition. The studies\\nfocus on polymorphisms in the IGF-1 gene, the glucocorticoid receptor (GR)\\ngene, the estrogen receptor \\xc3\\xaf\\xc2\\x81\\xc2\\xa1 (ER\\xc3\\xaf\\xc2\\x81\\xc2\\xa1 or ESR1) gene and the androgen\\nreceptor (AR) gene. Most studies were performed in two large cohorts of\\nhealthy children and adolescents, who grew up in the same area of the\\nNetherlands, but were born with an interval of approximately 20 years. One\\nstudy also describes the results of a study in a group of children born\\nsmall for gestational age (SGA) without catch up growth.
Author: Paul G. Voorhoeve
Language: English
Subfield: Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Open Access status: green
OpenAlex ID: W1754734961