Detection of Lung Cancer Using Optical Spectroscopy
Year: 2005
Type: dissertation
Study design: Observational Study
Abstract: Pre-neoplastic and malignant diseases are accompanied by local\nmetabolic and architectural changes at cellular and subcellular level that are\nlikely to affect the optical properties, i.e. the scattering, absorption and\nfluorescence properties of the tissue. Therefore, optical spectroscopy may be\nable to provide functional information to identify focal (pre-) cancerous\nlesions. In this thesis we studied the value of optical spectroscopy for the\nanalysis of cancerous lesions of the bronchial mucosa. We developed a\nfiber-optic instrument allowing the measurement of autofluorescence (AFS),\ndiffuse reflectance (DRS), and differential path length (DPS) spectroscopy\nduring bronchoscopy. DPS is an original spectroscopic technique which was\ndeveloped in our institution for the purpose of studying the optical properties\nof the most superficial layer of the bronchial mucosa, i.e. the epithelium.\nWe demonstrated that optical spectroscopy can easily be used during bronchoscopy\nfor the optical analysis of normal and of cancerous bronchial mucosa. We\nobserved that the optical properties of the bronchial mucosa contain the most\ndiscriminative information for tissue classification and that the optical\nvariations observed in bronchial tumors using DRS, DPS and AFS may be related to\nabsorption of light by tissue blood. We observed that blood hypoxia is a common\nevent in bronchial tumors especially in cases of aggressive tumors such as small\ncell lung carcinoma. Endobronchial tumors were also characterized by a higher\nblood content and larger microvessels in comparison with non-cancerous mucosa.\nFinally, we demonstrated that combination of optical spectroscopy with\nautofluorescence bronchoscopy (AFB) improves the specificity of AFB alone for\nthe detection of endobronchial tumors.
Author: Martin Bard
Language: English
Subfield: Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Open Access status: green
OpenAlex ID: W1798137824