Risk group characteristics and viral transmission clusters in South‐East Asian patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus‐1 (HIV‐1) circulating recombinant form (CRF) 01_AE and subtype B
Year: 2015
Type: article
Study design: Observational Study
Abstract: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 epidemics in Asian countries are driven by varying exposures. The epidemiology of the regional pandemic has been changing with the spread of HIV-1 to lower-risk populations through sexual transmission. Common HIV-1 genotypes include subtype B and circulating recombinant form (CRF) 01_AE. Our objective was to use HIV-1 genotypic data to better quantify local epidemics. TASER-M is a multicenter prospective cohort of HIV-infected patients. Associations between HIV exposure, patient sex, country of sample origin and HIV-1 genotype were evaluated by multivariate logistic regression. Phylogenetic methods were used on genotypic data to investigate transmission relationships. A total of 1086 patients from Thailand, Hong Kong, Malaysia and the Philippines were included in analyses. Proportions of male patients within countries varied (Thailand: 55.6%, Hong Kong: 86.1%, Malaysia: 81.4%, Philippines: 93.8%; p < 0.001) as did HIV exposures (heterosexual contact: Thailand: 85.7%, Hong Kong, 46.2%, Malaysia: 47.8%, Philippines: 25.0%; p < 0.001). After adjustment, we found increased subtype B infection among men who have sex with men, relative to heterosexual-reported exposures (odds ratio = 2.4, p < 0.001). We further describe four transmission clusters of eight to 15 treatment naïve, predominantly symptomatic patients (two each for subtype B and CRF01_AE). Risk-group subpopulations differed with respect to the infecting HIV-1 genotype. Homosexual exposure patients had higher odds of being infected with subtype B. Where HIV-1 genotypes circulate within countries or patient risk-groups, local monitoring of genotype-specific transmissions may play a role in focusing public health prevention strategies. Phylogenetic evaluations provide complementary information for surveillance and monitoring of viruses with high mutation rates such as HIV-1 and Ebola.
Authors: Rebecca A. Oyomopito, Yen‐Ju Chen, Somnuek Sungkanuparph, Rami Kantor, Tuti Merati, Wing‐Cheong Yam, Thira Sirisanthana, Patrick C.K. Li, Pacharee Kantipong, Praphan Phanuphak, Chris K.C. Lee, Adeeba Kamarulzaman, Rossana Ditangco, Szu‐Wei Huang, Annette H. Sohn, Matthew Law, Yi Ming A. Chen
Institutions: UNSW Sydney, Kirby Institute, Kaohsiung Medical University, Mahidol University, Ramathibodi Hospital, Brown University, Udayana University, Queen Mary Hospital, University of Hong Kong, Chiang Mai University, ChiangRai Prachanukroh Hospital, HIV Netherlands Australia Thailand Research Collaboration, Hospital Sungai Buloh, University Malaya Medical Centre, Research Institute for Tropical Medicine, American Foundation for AIDS Research
Language: English
Subfield: Infectious Diseases
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Open Access status: gold
Estimated APC paid: $1,200
Funders: amfAR, The Foundation for AIDS Research, Brown University, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Universitas Udayana, University of New South Wales, Yonsei University, Capital Medical University, Chiang Mai University, Mahidol University, Universiti Malaya, National Yang-Ming University, Universitas Indonesia, Ministerie van Buitenlandse Zaken, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Fakultas Kedokteran, Universitas Indonesia, National Cancer Institute, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development
Award: G240136927
OpenAlex ID: W1853618201