Genetic determinants of in vivo fitness and diet responsiveness in multiple human gut Bacteroides
Year: 2015
Type: article
Abstract: Libraries of tens of thousands of transposon mutants generated from each of four human gut Bacteroides strains, two representing the same species, were introduced simultaneously into gnotobiotic mice together with 11 other wild-type strains to generate a 15-member artificial human gut microbiota. Mice received one of two distinct diets monotonously, or both in different ordered sequences. Quantifying the abundance of mutants in different diet contexts allowed gene-level characterization of fitness determinants, niche, stability, and resilience and yielded a prebiotic (arabinoxylan) that allowed targeted manipulation of the community. The approach described is generalizable and should be useful for defining mechanisms critical for sustaining and/or approaches for deliberately reconfiguring the highly adaptive and durable relationship between the human gut microbiota and host in ways that promote wellness.
Source: Science
Institutions: Washington University in St. Louis, Russian Academy of Sciences, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, Institute for Information Transmission Problems, Monsanto (United States), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Aix-Marseille Université, Architecture et Fonction des Macromolécules Biologiques, King Abdulaziz University
Language: English
Topic: Gut microbiota and health
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Open Access status: green
Funders: Crohn's and Colitis Foundation of America, Monsanto Company, Crohn's and Colitis Foundation, Russian Science Foundation, National Institutes of Health, Seventh Framework Programme, National Institute of General Medical Sciences, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, H2020 European Research Council
Awards: Genomic and metabolomic foundations of human-microbial symbiosis in the gut, G1827527040, G1844854713, G33188248, Syntrophy in Metabolism of B-Vitamins in Gut Microbial Communities, Training Program in Cellular and Molecular Biology, Characterizing the dynamic operations of model human gut communities in gnotobiotic mice and piglets, G9000334968, Genomic and metabolomic foundations of human-microbial symbiosis in the gut, Host-environment interactions in the pathophysiology of digestive disease
OpenAlex ID: W1945011216