Lifestyles and Risk Factors Associated with Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet: A Baseline Assessment of the PREDIMED Trial
Year: 2013
Type: article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: The traditional Mediterranean dietary pattern (MedDiet) is associated with longevity and low rates of cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, there is little information on who is more likely to follow this food pattern. AIM: To evaluate how different factors are associated with lower MedDiet adherence in older Spanish subjects. METHODS: We included 7305 participants (men aged 55-80 y, women 60-80 y) at high-risk of CVD recruited into the PREDIMED trial (ISRCTN35739639). Socioeconomic, anthropometric, lifestyle characteristics and CVD risk factors were recorded. A validated 14-item questionnaire was used to evaluate MedDiet adherence at baseline. Multivariate models were used to estimate odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals for lower adherence to the MedDiet (<9 points out of 14) and ascertain factors independently associated with it. RESULTS: Former smoking (OR = 0.87; 95% CI, 0.78-0.98), physical activity (OR for the 3(rd) vs. the 1(st)tertile: 0.69; 0.62-0.78), and higher educational level (OR for university vs. less than primary school: 0.54; 0.38-0.77) were associated with higher MedDiet adherence. Conversely, having a larger waist-to-height ratio (OR for 0.1 units, 1.35; 1.22-1.49), being diabetic (OR = 1.13; 1.03-1.24), being single (OR = 1.27; 1.01-1.61) or divorced or separated (OR = 1.44; 1.09-1.89), and current smoking (OR = 1.28; 1.11-1.47) were associated with lower adherence. CONCLUSIONS: Participants with little education, a larger waist-to-height ratio, or diabetes and those who were less physically active, single, divorced or separated, or smokers were less likely to adhere to the MedDiet, an ideal model for food choices. Stronger efforts of health promotion are needed in these groups to foster adoption of the MedDiet.
Source: PLoS ONE
Authors: Emily A. Hu, Estefania Toledo, Javier Diez-Espino, Ramon Estruch, Dolores Corella, Jordi Salas-Salvado, Ernest Vinyoles, Enrique Gomez-Gracia, Fernando Aros, Miquel Fiol, Jose Lapetra, Lluis Serra-Majem, Xavier Pintó, Maria Puy Portillo, Rosa M. Lamuela-Raventos, Emilio Ros, Jose V. Sorli, Miguel A. Martinez-Gonzalez
Institutions: Harvard University, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red, Universidad de Navarra, Consorci Institut D'Investigacions Biomediques August Pi I Sunyer, Universitat de Barcelona, Universitat de València, Institut de Recerca Biomèdica Catalunya Sud, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Institut Universitari d'Investigació en Atenció Primària Jordi Gol, Universidad de Málaga, Hospital Universitario Araba, Research Institute of Health Sciences, Hospital Universitario Son Espases, Universitat de les Illes Balears, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Bellvitge University Hospital, University of the Basque Country, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona
Language: English
Topic: Nutritional Studies and Diet
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Open Access status: gold
Estimated APC paid: $2,382
Awards: G122220256, G1240442146, G1265775724, G1279912698, G1298808146, G1372021016, G1469509158, G1559608605, G1617498335, G1644185098, G1881394406, G1916957000, G1940426220, G1952594217, G1982901712, G2297909926, G2301868462, G247774864, G2580699549, G2619058490, G2620658983, G2647692628, G2676233085, G2684494655, G2687621885, G2703367647, G277856140, G2807603561, G2834041905, G2870653962, G3059837661, G3126365832, G3178645043, G3197366600, G3205439833, G3256127721, G3434072752, G3688119456, G3742009404, G3943872819, G411842160, G4159188393, G4277448938, G4282990219, G4414369794, G4418385139, G4437166959, G4487147551, G4489531123, G4494103574, G4508165138, G4545091718, G4587032617, G4654025265, G5182652292, G5487611230, G5542193060, G5704818146, G5919349966, G6133331367, G669311712, G6695954693, G6902420817, G6947685689, G6965730286, G7028759952, G7121912895, G7170130439, G7332938737, G7413238183, G7427883014, G7508138973, G7601994061, G7764985876, G8671728845, G8673859687, G880079747, G993951910
OpenAlex ID: W1978195758