Work

Tempering the wrath of RAGE: An emerging therapeutic strategy against diabetic complications, neurodegeneration, and inflammation

Year: 2009

Type: review

Abstract: The multiligand receptor RAGE (receptor for advanced glycation end-products) is emerging as a central mediator in the immune/inflammatory response. Epidemiological evidence accruing in the human suggests upregulation of RAGE's ligands (AGEs, S100/calgranulins, high mobility group box-1 (HMGB1), and amyloid beta-peptide and beta-sheet fibrils) and the receptor itself at sites of inflammation and in chronic diseases such as diabetes and neurodegeneration. The consequences of ligand-RAGE interaction include upregulation of molecules implicated in inflammatory responses and tissue damage, such as cytokines, adhesion molecules, and matrix metalloproteinases. In this review, we discuss the localization of RAGE and its ligand families and the biological impact of this axis in multiple cell types implicated in chronic diseases. Lastly, we consider findings from animal model studies suggesting that although tissue-damaging effects ensue from recruitment of the ligand-RAGE interaction, in distinct settings, adaptive and repair/regeneration outcomes appear to override detrimental effects of RAGE. As RAGE blockade moves further into clinical development, clarifying the biology of RAGE garners ever-increasing importance.

Source: Annals of Medicine

DOI: 10.1080/07853890902806576

Authors: Shi Fang Yan, Shi Du Yan, Ravichandran Ramasamy, Ann Marie Schmidt

Institutions: Columbia University Irving Medical Center, Columbia University

Language: English

Topic: Advanced Glycation End Products research

Subfield: Clinical Biochemistry

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology

Domain: Life Sciences

SDG: Good health and well-being

Open Access status: bronze

Funders: U.S. Public Health Service, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute