Plant Lipoxygenases. Physiological and Molecular Features
Year: 2002
Type: review
Abstract: Lipoxygenases (LOXs; EC1.13.11.12) are nonheme iron-containing dioxygenases widely distributed in plants and animals. LOX catalyzes the addition of molecular oxygen to polyunsaturated fatty acids containing a (Z,Z)-1,4-pentadiene system to produce an unsaturated fatty acid hydroperoxide. LOX initiates the synthesis of a group of acyclic or cyclic compounds collectively called oxylipins, which are products of fatty acid oxidation, with diverse functions in the cell. In plants, linolenic and linoleic acids are the most common substrates for LOX (Siedow, 1991). Oxygen can be added to either end of the pentadiene system (regiospecificity). In the case of linoleic or linolenic acids, this leads to two possible products, the 9- and 13-hydroperoxy fatty acids (Siedow, 1991). In vitro, most LOXs prefer free fatty acids, though it has been shown that sterified fatty acids are also substrates for LOX in vivo (Feussner et al., 2001; Stelmach et al., 2001), suggesting that membrane lipids could be substrates for oxylipin biosynthesis. The hydroperoxy fatty acid products of the LOX reaction can be further converted to different compounds through the action of enzymes participating in at least six pathways (Fig.1).
Source: PLANT PHYSIOLOGY
DOI: 10.1104/pp.010787
Authors: Helena Porta, Mario Rocha-Sosa
Institution: Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México
Language: English
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Open Access status: green
OpenAlex ID: W1994909009