Year: 2015
Type: article
Abstract: In ball sports, we are taught to follow through, despite the inability of events after contact or release to influence the outcome [ 1, 2 1. Karageanes, S.J. ∙ Scher, S. Baseball Karageanes, S.J. (Editor) Principles of Manual Sports Medicine Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2005; 453-464 Google Scholar 2. Knudson, D. ∙ Elliott, B. Biomechanics of tennis stroke Hung, G.K. ∙ Pallis, J.M. (Editors) Biomedical Engineering Principles in Sports Kluwer Academic, 2004; 153-181 Crossref Google Scholar ]. Here we show that the specific motor memory active at any given moment critically depends on the movement that will be made in the near future. We demonstrate that associating a different follow-through movement with two motor skills that normally interfere [ 3–7 3. Shadmehr, R. ∙ Holcomb, H.H. Neural correlates of motor memory consolidation Science. 1997; 277 :821-825 Crossref Scopus (800) PubMed Google Scholar 4. Brashers-Krug, T. ∙ Shadmehr, R. ∙ Bizzi, E. Consolidation in human motor memory Nature. 1996; 382 :252-255 Crossref Scopus (788) PubMed Google Scholar 5. Caithness, G. ∙ Osu, R. ∙ Bays, P. ... Failure to consolidate the consolidation theory of learning for sensorimotor adaptation tasks J. Neurosci. 2004; 24 :8662-8671 Crossref Scopus (211) PubMed Google Scholar 6. Karniel, A. ∙ Mussa-Ivaldi, F.A. Does the motor control system use multiple models and context switching to cope with a variable environment? Exp. Brain Res. 2002; 143 :520-524 Crossref Scopus (117) PubMed Google Scholar 7. Krakauer, J.W. ∙ Ghilardi, M.F. ∙ Ghez, C. Independent learning of internal models for kinematic and dynamic control of reaching Nat. Neurosci. 1999; 2 :1026-1031 Crossref Scopus (615) PubMed Google Scholar ] allows them to be learned simultaneously, suggesting that distinct future actions activate separate motor memories. This implies that when learning a skill, a variable follow-through would activate multiple motor memories across practice, whereas a consistent follow-through would activate a single motor memory, resulting in faster learning. We confirm this prediction and show that such follow-through effects influence adaptation over time periods associated with real-world skill learning. Overall, our results indicate that movements made in the immediate future influence the current active motor memory. This suggests that there is a critical time period both before [ 8 8. Howard, I.S. ∙ Ingram, J.N. ∙ Franklin, D.W. ... Gone in 0.6 seconds: the encoding of motor memories depends on recent sensorimotor states J. Neurosci. 2012; 32 :12756-12768 Crossref Scopus (81) PubMed Google Scholar ] and after the current movement that determines motor memory activation and controls learning.
Source: Current Biology
Institutions: University of Plymouth, University of Cambridge
Language: English
Topic: Motor Control and Adaptation
Subfield: Cognitive Neuroscience
Field: Neuroscience
Domain: Life Sciences
Open Access status: hybrid
Estimated APC paid: $5,443
Funder: Wellcome Trust
OpenAlex ID: W2005496735