Work

Gastrointestinal Tract and the Mucosal Macrophage Reservoir in HIV Infection

Year: 2014

Type: review

Abstract: The gastrointestinal tract (GIT) is a primary site for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) infection, replication, and dissemination. After an initial explosive phase of infection, HIV establishes latency. In addition to CD4 T cells, macrophages are readily infected, which can persist for long periods of time. Though macrophages at various systemic sites are infected, those present in the GIT constitute a major cellular reservoir due to the abundance of these cells at mucosal sites. Here, we review some of the important findings regarding what is known about the macrophage reservoir in the gut and explore potential approaches being pursued in the field to reduce this reservoir. The development of strategies that can lead to a functional cure will need to incorporate approaches that can eradicate the macrophage reservoir in the GIT.

Source: Clinical and Vaccine Immunology

DOI: 10.1128/cvi.00518-14

Authors: Dallas Brown, Joseph J. Mattapallil

Institution: Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences

Language: English

Topic: HIV Research and Treatment

Subfield: Virology

Field: Immunology and Microbiology

Domain: Life Sciences

SDG: Good health and well-being

Open Access status: diamond

Funder: National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research