Incubation of incubators: innovation as a triple helix of university-industry-government networks
Year: 2002
Type: article
Abstract: The shift of university-industry linkages from a linear to an interactive innovation model is visible especially in the history of the university business incubator. Transcending the production and dissemination of research, incubated knowledge increasingly lies behind new products and new firms. Incubators have developed technology and business ideas into an array of firms and to form research centers by fusing heterogeneous R&D entities from university, government and industry. Further transformation of university-industry linkages are in the parallel evolution of incubator from an isolated to a networked entity. As these developments are supported by changes in the regulatory environment and by government funding programs, this pairing becomes university-industry-government interactions.
Source: Science and Public Policy
Author: Henry Etzkowitz
Institutions: Purchase College, State University of New York
Language: English
Subfield: Management of Technology and Innovation
Domain: Social Sciences
Open Access status: green
OpenAlex ID: W2036498408