Year: 2008
Type: review
Abstract: Adipokines are secreted by adipose tissue and control various physiological systems. Low leptin levels during fasting stimulate feeding, reduce energy expenditure, and modulate neuroendocrine and immune function to conserve energy stores. On the other hand, rising leptin levels in the overfed state prevent weight gain by inhibiting food intake and increasing energy expenditure. These actions are mediated by neuronal circuits in the hypothalamus and brainstem. Leptin also controls glucose and lipid metabolism by targeting enzymes such as AMP-activated protein kinase and stearoyl-coenzyme A desaturase-1 in liver and muscle. Likewise, adiponectin and resistin control energy balance and insulin sensitivity via central and peripheral targets. As highlighted in this review, there are distinct as well as common signaling pathways for adipokines. Understanding adipokine signaling in the brain and other organs will provide insights into the pathogenesis and treatment of obesity, diabetes and various metabolic disorders.
Source: Molecular Endocrinology
DOI: 10.1210/me.2007-0529
Authors: Rexford S. Ahima, Mitchell A. Lazar
Institution: University of Pennsylvania
Language: English
Subfield: Endocrine and Autonomic Systems
Field: Neuroscience
Domain: Life Sciences
Open Access status: bronze
OpenAlex ID: W2036519287