Year: 2014
Type: article
Study design: Observational Study
Abstract: OBJECTIVE: Brain involvement is a serious complication of HIV infection. The earliest changes in the brain, which represents an anatomic site for viral persistence, are largely unknown. METHODS: This investigation used quantitative Magnetic Resonance methodologies, including high resolution and diffusion tensor (DTI) imaging, to evaluate the brain in 15 HIV and 20 seronegative subjects. All HIV subjects were antibody nonreactive with assay-estimated infection duration of less than 100 days. RESULTS: Brain volumetric analysis revealed reduced parenchyma with enlargement of the third ventricle and brainstem. DTI quantified loss of white matter integrity in the corpus callosum and diffusion alterations in caudate. Cognitive differences were indicated in psychomotor speed and visual recall. There were no differences between antiretroviral-initiated and naïve HIV subgroups. INTERPRETATION: These findings, quantified within 100 days of infection, shed light on the earliest brain changes in HIV infection. Onset of neural injury may date to initial viral invasion and the transient early period of unchecked viremia and marked immunosuppression of the seroconversion period.
DOI: 10.1002/acn3.136
Language: English
Topic: HIV Research and Treatment
Subfield: Virology
Field: Immunology and Microbiology
Domain: Life Sciences
Open Access status: gold
Estimated APC paid: $4,100
Awards: Consequences of Prolonged Febrile Seizures in Childhood, G2142641812, Quantitative MRI-Guided Nanoembolization for Liver Cancer, A Multiparametric MR Study of Early and Late Stage HIV Infection, Cardiovascular and HIV/AIDS Effects on Brain Structure/Function and Cognition, G3266845434, Functional Cardiovascular 4D MRI in Congenital Heart Disease, Improving neurologic outcome measurement for interventional research in Ibadan, Clinical Research Sites for the Network of Excellence in Neuroscience Clinical Tr, Comprehensive Cardiac Structure-Function Analysis in Heart Transplantation
OpenAlex ID: W2064450912