The impact of HIV exposure and maternal Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection on infant immune responses to bacille Calmette-Guérin vaccination
Year: 2014
Type: article
Study design: Observational Study
Abstract: OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study is to assess the effect of maternal HIV and Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) infection on cellular responses to bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) immunization. DESIGN: A mother-infant cohort study. METHODS: Samples were collected from mother-infant pairs at delivery. Infants were BCG-vaccinated at 6 weeks of age and a repeat blood sample was collected from infants at 16 weeks of age. BCG-specific T-cell proliferation and intracellular cytokine expression were measured by flow cytometry. Secreted cytokines and chemokines in cell culture supernatants were analysed using a Multiplex assay. RESULTS: One hundred and nine (47 HIV-exposed and 62 HIV-unexposed) mother-infants pairs were recruited after delivery and followed longitudinally. At birth, proportions of mycobacteria-specific proliferating T cells were not associated with either in-utero HIV exposure or maternal Mtb sensitization. However, in-utero HIV exposure affected infant-specific T-cell subsets [tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) single positive proliferating CD4⁺ T cells and interferon-gamma (IFN-γ), TNF-α dual-positive CD4⁺ T cells]. Levels of TNF-α protein in cell culture supernatants were also significantly higher in HIV-exposed infants born to Mtb-sensitized mothers. In the presence of maternal Mtb sensitization, frequencies of maternal and newborn BCG-specific proliferating CD4⁺ T cells were positively correlated. Following BCG vaccination, there was no demonstrable effect of HIV exposure or maternal Mtb infection on infant BCG-specific T-cell proliferative responses or concentrations of secreted cytokines and chemokines. CONCLUSION: Effects of maternal HIV and Mtb infection on infant immune profiles at birth are transient only, and HIV-exposed, noninfected infants have the same potential to respond to and be protected by BCG vaccination as HIV-unexposed infants.
Source: AIDS
Language: English
Subfield: Infectious Diseases
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Open Access status: hybrid
Estimated APC paid: $3,993
Awards: Investigations of tuberculosis-specific memory/effector T cell responses in HIV-infected children receiving highly-active anti-retroviral therapy (HAART)., G1717855927, Quadruple intervention against tuberculosis., G1918775905, G2006052962, G374283917, Host directed therapies against tuberculosis., G450779197, G5366298750, G5535094332, G5679603166, G5717341852, G5719191341, Host directed therapies against tuberculosis., G5858598186, G6079531540, G6095310, Pathogen COinfection:
HIV, Tuberculosis, Malaria and Hepatitis C virus, G6346810159, G6950042122, G7658311513, G76681233, Improving the diagnosis and management of tuberculosis in children in the UK, Establishment of a Centre for Clinical Infectious Diseases Research at the University of Cape Town (Wellcome-UCT-CCIDR).
OpenAlex ID: W2071975155