Work

Cocaine‐Using Patients With a Normal or Nondiagnostic Electrocardiogram: Single‐Photon Emission Computed Tomography Myocardial Perfusion Imaging and Outcome

Year: 2012

Type: article

Abstract: Background: Few trials have examined the outcomes of patients who use cocaine with chest pain and who have a normal or nondiagnostic electrocardiogram (ECG) and the use of single‐photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI). Hypothesis: We sought to compare the characteristics and overall outcomes in cocaine users vs non‐cocaine users presenting to the emergency department with a normal/nondiagnostic ECG and to assess the value of rest MPI in both of these populations. Methods: Patients with symptoms compatible with myocardial ischemia, suspected acute coronary syndrome (ACS), and a normal/nondiagnostic ECG were enrolled in the Emergency Room Assessment of Sestamibi for Evaluation of Chest Pain (ERASE Chest Pain) trial, a randomized controlled trial designed to evaluate the impact of rest MPI on triage decisions. Cocaine users (n = 294) were compared to non‐cocaine users (n = 2180). Cocaine users were younger than non‐cocaine users, and 72% were male. Results: Among the cocaine users, 2.4% had a myocardial infarction, 1.4% required percutaneous coronary intervention, and none of the patients underwent coronary artery bypass graft surgery. Among cocaine users with a final diagnosis of not ACS, randomization of patients to rest SPECT MPI resulted in an appropriate reduction in hospital admissions in both the cocaine users (P = 0.011) and the non‐cocaine users (P < 0.001), suggesting improved triage when MPI was used. Conclusions: Cocaine users with a normal/nondiagnostic ECG are at low risk of cardiac events. Even though cocaine users are at low risk of cardiac events, SPECT MPI remains effective in the risk stratification and improves triage management decisions resulting in lower admission rates and more discharges to home. Clin. Cardiol. 2011 DOI: 10.1002/clc.21977 This work was supported by grant number RO1‐HS09110 from the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, and in part by the General Clinical Research Centers at Tufts Medical Center (MO1‐RR00054), Northwestern Memorial Hospital (MO1‐RR00048), and Boston Medical Center (MO1‐RR00533), funded by the NIH National Center for Research Resources. The authors have no other funding, financial relationships, or conflicts of interest to disclose.

Source: Clinical Cardiology

DOI: 10.1002/clc.21977