Get started
Work

Dietary intake of flavonoids and oesophageal and gastric cancer: incidence and survival in the United States of America (USA)

Year: 2015
Type: article
Study design: Observational Study
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Flavonoids, polyphenolic compounds concentrated in fruits and vegetables, have experimentally demonstrated chemopreventive effects against oesophageal and gastric cancer. Few epidemiologic studies have examined flavonoid intake and incidence of these cancers, and none have considered survival. METHODS: In this USA multicentre population-based study, case participants (diagnosed during 1993-1995 with oesophageal adenocarcinoma (OEA, n=274), gastric cardia adenocarcinoma (GCA, n=248), oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma (OES, n=191), and other gastric adenocarcinoma (OGA, n=341)) and frequency-matched controls (n=662) were interviewed. Food frequency questionnaire responses were linked with USDA Flavonoid Databases and available literature for six flavonoid classes and lignans. Case participants were followed until 2000 for vital status. Multivariable-adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and hazard ratios (HRs) (95% confidence intervals (CIs)) were estimated, comparing highest with lowest intake quartiles, using polytomous logistic and proportional hazards regressions, respectively. RESULTS: Little or no consistent association was found for total flavonoid intake (main population sources: black tea, orange/grapefruit juice, and wine) and incidence or survival for any tumour type. Intake of anthocyanidins, common in wine and fruit juice, was associated with a 57% reduction in the risk of incident OEA (OR=0.43, 95% CI=0.29-0.66) and OES (OR=0.43, 95% CI=0.26-0.70). The ORs for isoflavones, for which coffee was the main source, were increased for all tumours, except OES. Anthocyanidins were associated with decreased risk of mortality for GCA (HR=0.63, 95% CI=0.42-0.95) and modestly for OEA (HR=0.87, 95% CI=0.60-1.26), but CIs were wide. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings, if confirmed, suggest that increased dietary anthocyanidin intake may reduce incidence and improve survival for these cancers.
DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2015.25
Authors: J L Petrick, S E Steck, P T Bradshaw, K F Trivers, P E Abrahamson, L S Engel, K He, W-H Chow, S T Mayne, H A Risch, T L Vaughan, M D Gammon
Institutions: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, University of South Carolina, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Indiana University Bloomington, Indiana University, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Yale Cancer Center, Yale University, Fred Hutch Cancer Center
Language: English
Field: Medicine
Open Access status: hybrid
Estimated APC paid: $5,190
Awards: Flavonoids, esophageal/gastric cardia adenocarcinoma and Barretts Esophagus Risk, Training Grant in Cancer Epidemiology, EPIDEMIOLOGIC STUDY OF ADENOCARCINOMAS OF THE ESOPHAGUS, EPIDEMIOLOGIC STUDY OF ESOPHAGEAL/GASTRIC ADENOCARCINOMA, ESTABLISHED INVESTIGATOR AWARD IN CANCER PREVENTION AND CONTROL, ADENOCARCINOMAS OF THE ESOPHAGUS AND GASTRIC CARDIA, G9000131094, G9000310219, UNC Center for Environmental Health and Susceptibility, Biostatistics for Research in Environmental Health
OpenAlex ID: W2088933260
FWCI: 9.546
Cites: 48
Cited by: 91
Related to: 10