Dynamics of Viral Evolution and Neutralizing Antibody Response after HIV-1 Superinfection
Year: 2013
Type: article
Study design: Case Report
Abstract: Investigating the incidence and prevalence of HIV-1 superinfection is challenging due to the complex dynamics of two infecting strains. The superinfecting strain can replace the initial strain, be transiently expressed, or persist along with the initial strain in distinct or in recombined forms. Various selective pressures influence these alternative scenarios in different HIV-1 coding regions. We hypothesized that the potency of the neutralizing antibody (NAb) response to autologous viruses would modulate viral dynamics in env following superinfection in a limited set of superinfection cases. HIV-1 env pyrosequencing data were generated from blood plasma collected from 7 individuals with evidence of superinfection. Viral variants within each patient were screened for recombination, and viral dynamics were evaluated using nucleotide diversity. NAb responses to autologous viruses were evaluated before and after superinfection. In 4 individuals, the superinfecting strain replaced the original strain. In 2 individuals, both initial and superinfecting strains continued to cocirculate. In the final individual, the surviving lineage was the product of interstrain recombination. NAb responses to autologous viruses that were detected within the first 2 years of HIV-1 infection were weak or absent for 6 of the 7 recently infected individuals at the time of and shortly following superinfection. These 6 individuals had detectable on-going viral replication of distinct superinfecting virus in the env coding region. In the remaining case, there was an early and strong autologous NAb response, which was associated with extensive recombination in env between initial and superinfecting strains. This extensive recombination made superinfection more difficult to identify and may explain why the detection of superinfection has typically been associated with low autologous NAb titers.
Source: Journal of Virology
DOI: 10.1128/jvi.02260-13
Language: English
Topic: HIV Research and Treatment
Subfield: Virology
Field: Immunology and Microbiology
Domain: Life Sciences
Open Access status: green
Awards: G1352719237, G1781340182, G1812340134, ROLE FOR THE ECTOENZYME CD38 IN IMMUNE RESPONSES, BIOMATHEMATICAL ANALYSIS OF VIRAL DYNAMICS AND EVOLUTION, G2355822540, Primary Infection Resource Consortium (PIRC), Biomathematical Analysis of Viral Dynamics and Evolution, G4161778824, G473273920, G4995615378, Mentoring Translational Research in HIV, BIOMATHEMATICAL ANALYSIS OF VIRAL DYNAMICS AND EVOLUTION, Molecular Epidemiology for HIV Prevention for Drug Users and Other Risk Groups , G681200951, Effects of Host and Viral Aging on Neurocognition, Determinants of HIV Transmission, San Diego Center for AIDS Research (SD CFAR), HOPE Training Grant, Interplay of B cells and HIV Leading to Broad Neutralizing Antibody Responses
OpenAlex ID: W2090415350