Cystatin C Level as a Marker of Kidney Function in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection The FRAM Study
Year: 2007
Type: article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Although studies have reported a high prevalence of end-stage renal disease in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected individuals, little is known about moderate impairments in kidney function. Cystatin C measurement may be more sensitive than creatinine for detecting impaired kidney function in persons with HIV. METHODS: We evaluated kidney function in the Fat Redistribution and Metabolic Change in HIV Infection (FRAM) cohort, a representative sample of 1008 HIV-infected persons and 290 controls from the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) study in the United States. RESULTS: Cystatin C level was elevated in HIV-infected individuals; the mean +/- SD cystatin C level was 0.92 +/- 0.22 mg/L in those infected with HIV and 0.76 +/- 0.15 mg/L in controls (P < .001). In contrast, both mean creatinine levels and estimated glomerular filtration rates appeared similar in HIV-infected individuals and controls (0.87 +/- 0.21 vs 0.85 +/- 0.19 mg/dL [to convert to micromoles per liter, multiply by 88.4] [P = .35] and 110 +/- 26 vs 106 +/- 23 mL/min/1.73 m(2) [P = .06], respectively). Persons with HIV infection were more likely to have a cystatin C level greater than 1.0 mg/L (OR, 9.8; 95% confidence interval, 4.4-22.0 [P <.001]), a threshold demonstrated to be associated with increased risk for death and cardiovascular and kidney disease. Among participants with HIV, potentially modifiable risk factors for kidney disease, hypertension, and low high-density lipoprotein concentration were associated with a higher cystatin C level, as were lower CD4 lymphocyte count and coinfection with hepatitis C virus (all P < .001). CONCLUSIONS: Individuals infected with HIV had substantially worse kidney function when measured by cystatin C level compared with HIV-negative controls, whereas mean creatinine levels and estimated glomerular filtration rates were similar. Cystatin C measurement could be a useful clinical tool to identify HIV-infected persons at increased risk for kidney and cardiovascular disease.
Source: Archives of Internal Medicine
Author: Michelle C. Odden
Institution: San Francisco VA Medical Center
Language: English
Subfield: Nephrology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Open Access status: green
Awards: G2072468337, Elucidating the Kidney's Role in Cardiovascular Risk, G2146434879, Heart Failure Incidence and Progression in Renal Disease, G2462901743, G31725229, GENERAL CLINICAL RESEARCH CENTER, General Clinical Research Center, General Clinical Research Center, G4350804880, General Clinical Research Center, General Clinical Research Center, VISCERAL FAT, METABOLIC RATE AND CVD IN YOUNG ADULTS, EPIDEMIOLOGY AND CLINICAL COURSE OF HIV NEPHROPATHY, G72683106, FAT REDISTRIBUTION AND METABOLIC CHANGE IN HIV INFECTION, Fat Redistribution and Metabolic Change in HIV Infection, GENERAL CLINICAL RESEARCH CENTER
OpenAlex ID: W2094234130