Pulmonary characteristics in COPD and mechanisms of increased work of breathing
Year: 2009
Type: review
Abstract: Mechanical characteristics and gas exchange inefficiencies of the lungs contribute to increased work of ventilation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) at rest and exercise, and the energy cost of ventilation is increased in COPD at any external work level. Assuming typical ventilatory variables and respiratory characteristics, we estimated the relative contributions of inspiratory and expiratory resistance, dynamic elastance, intrinsic positive end-expiratory pressure, and gas exchange inefficiency to the work of breathing, finding that the last of these is likely to be of major importance. Dynamic hyperinflation can be seen as both an impediment to inspiratory muscle function and an essential component of adaptation to severe obstruction. Extrinsic restriction, in which the chest wall fails to achieve and maintain abnormally high lung volumes in COPD, can limit ventilatory function and contribute to disability.
Source: Journal of Applied Physiology
Institutions: Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard University
Language: English
Subfield: Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Open Access status: green
Awards: G265231474, Mechanisms of Arousal in Sleep Apnea, Assessment of Upper Airway Mechanics Using Newer EMG Techniques, G3595162970, Mechanisms Underlying the Aging Predisposition to Obstructive Sleep Apnea, Is Neuromyopathy Important in Obstructive Sleep Apnea?, Respiratory Mechanics in Lung Disease and Surgery
OpenAlex ID: W2096486935