Neuroanatomical Correlates of Dysglycemia in Young Children With Type 1 Diabetes
Year: 2013
Type: article
Study design: Observational Study
Abstract: Studies of brain structure in type 1 diabetes (T1D) describe widespread neuroanatomical differences related to exposure to glycemic dysregulation in adults and adolescents. In this study, we investigate the neuroanatomical correlates of dysglycemia in very young children with early-onset T1D. Structural magnetic resonance images of the brain were acquired in 142 children with T1D and 68 age-matched control subjects (mean age 7.0 ± 1.7 years) on six identical scanners. Whole-brain volumetric analyses were conducted using voxel-based morphometry to detect regional differences between groups and to investigate correlations between regional brain volumes and measures of glycemic exposure (including data from continuous glucose monitoring). Relative to control subjects, the T1D group displayed decreased gray matter volume (GMV) in bilateral occipital and cerebellar regions (P < 0.001) and increased GMV in the left inferior prefrontal, insula, and temporal pole regions (P = 0.002). Within the T1D group, hyperglycemic exposure was associated with decreased GMV in medial frontal and temporal-occipital regions and increased GMV in lateral prefrontal regions. Cognitive correlations of intelligence quotient to GMV were found in cerebellar-occipital regions and medial prefrontal cortex for control subjects, as expected, but not for the T1D group. Thus, early-onset T1D affects regions of the brain that are associated with typical cognitive development.
Source: Diabetes
DOI: 10.2337/db13-0179
Language: English
Subfield: Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Open Access status: hybrid
Funders: National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Center for Research Resources, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development
Awards: G1382993467, G1710560448, G1821068800, Coordinating Center for Studies of Glucose Sensors in T*, Prevention of Nocturnal Hypoglycemia: Effect on Neurologic Outcome in Toddlers, G2365005589, G2473351280, Type 1 diabetes and the brain in children: Metabolic interventions, G36923461, Hypoglycemia in Children and Adolescents with T1DM: Mechanisms and Prevention, Cooperative Multicenter Diabetes Research Network for Hypoglycemia Prevention, Prevention of Hypoglycemia and Associated Complications in Type 1 Diabetes, Washington University Institute of Clinical and Translational Sciences, Washington University Institute of Clinical and Translational Sciences (UL1), Diabetes Research in Children Network (DirecNet), Research Training for Child Psychiatry and Neurodevelopment, Diabetes Research Center, Yale Diabetes Research Center, G906084563, Yale Study of Closed-Loop Automated Glucose Control for Hypoglycemia Prevention
OpenAlex ID: W2100073294