Developmental biomarkers in schizophrenia and other psychiatric disorders: common origins, different trajectories?
Year: 2005
Type: article
Abstract: COMMON ORIGINS, DIFFERENT TRAJECTORIES?The biological bases of illnesses such as schizophrenia and bipolar disorder have been a subject of decades of research.However, the origins of these illnesses are largely unknown.The issue is important and timely because scientific understanding of the origins of these illnesses will permit earlier intervention, leading to better illness management and better outcome.Understanding neurodevelopment during the adolescent period may be the key to understanding the emergence of psychiatric illness.Adolescence is marked by substantial cortical reorganization and change resulting from continuing processes of myelination and synaptic pruning (Durston etai, 2001;Huttenlocher, 1979).These concunent processes may be crucial for the development of normal neural networks; myelination accelerates synaptic transfer of information, and normal pruning eliminates redundancies in metabolically expensive cortical gray matter (Keshavan et al, 1994;Laughlin & Sejnowski, 2003).Developmental changes in neurobiology also depend on patterns of gene- (Lesch, 2004) and behavior-environment interactions (Penn, 2001;Ramakers, 2005).This rapid cortical maturation during adolescence is associated with parallel increases in cognitive proficiency, particularly in basic cognitive systems such as attention and working memory, as well as affect
Institution: Wayne State University
Language: English
Subfield: Psychiatry and Mental health
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Open Access status: bronze
OpenAlex ID: W2120906765