Thyroid hormone and development: the importance of transporters and deiodinases
Year: 2010
Type: dissertation
Abstract: Thyroid hormone, which is the common name for the prohormone T4 (3,5,3’,5’-tetraiodothyronine;\nthyroxine) and the bioactive hormone T3 (3,5,3’-triiodothyronine), is\nindispensable for normal development and metabolism of all tissues. Its effects on metabolism\nare clearly illustrated by the clinical manifestations in primary thyroid diseases.\nIn hypothyroidism, symptoms such as cold intolerance, constipation, weight gain and\nbradycardia result from a generalized slowing of metabolic processes. In contrast, heat\nintolerance, weight loss and increased heart rate which are observed in patients with\nhyperthyroidism are explained by an increased metabolism. The prerequisite of thyroid\nhormone for normal development is clearly exemplified by patients with cretinism.\nInsufficient supply of iodine, which is a principal component of thyroid hormone, during\ncritical periods of development may result in severe and permanent growth impairments,\ndeafness, motor and mental retardation.\nClinical effects of an altered thyroid state arise from changes in thyroid hormone\nphysiology at the cellular level. Thyroid hormone homeostasis requires adequate function\nof transporter proteins, deiodinating enzymes and nuclear receptors at the level of\nthyroid hormone target tissues.
Author: Wil Visser
Language: English
Subfield: Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Open Access status: green
OpenAlex ID: W2122427369