Work

Intracellular redox state revealed by in vivo 31P MRS measurement of NAD+ and NADH contents in brains

Year: 2013

Type: article

Abstract: PURPOSE: Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD), in oxidized (NAD(+) ) or reduced (NADH) form, plays key roles in cellular metabolism. Intracellular NAD(+) /NADH ratio represents the cellular redox state; however, it is difficult to measure in vivo. We report here a novel in vivo (31) P MRS method for noninvasive measurement of intracellular NAD concentrations and NAD(+) /NADH ratio in the brain. METHODS: It uses a theoretical model to describe the NAD spectral patterns at a given field for quantification. Standard NAD solutions and independent cat brain measurements at 9.4 T and 16.4 T were used to evaluate this method. We also measured T1 values of brain NAD. RESULTS: Model simulation and studies of solutions and brains indicate that the proposed method can quantify submillimolar NAD concentrations with reasonable accuracy if adequate (31) P MRS signal-to-noise ratio and linewidth were obtained. The NAD concentrations and NAD(+) /NADH ratio of cat brains measured at 16.4 T and 9.4 T were consistent despite the significantly different T1 values and NAD spectra patterns at two fields. CONCLUSION: This newly established (31) P MRS method makes it possible for the first time to noninvasively study the intracellular redox state and its roles in brain functions and diseases, and it can potentially be applied to other organs.

Source: Magnetic Resonance in Medicine

DOI: 10.1002/mrm.24859

Authors: Ming Lu, Xiao‐Hong Zhu, Yi Zhang, Wei Chen

Institution: University of Minnesota

Language: English

Topic: Advanced MRI Techniques and Applications

Subfield: Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging

Field: Medicine

Domain: Health Sciences

SDG: Good health and well-being

Open Access status: green

Funders: W. M. Keck Foundation, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Center for Research Resources