Migraine, headache, and the risk of depression: Prospective cohort study
Year: 2013
Type: article
Study design: Observational Study
Abstract: BACKGROUND: While cross-sectional studies have shown associations between migraine and depression, few studies have been able to evaluate the association between migraine and incident depression. METHODS: A prospective cohort study among 36,016 women without a history of depression enrolled in the Women's Health Study who provided information about migraine and headache at baseline. Women were classified as either having nonmigraine headache, migraine with aura, migraine without aura, past history of migraine or no history of headache. Cox proportional hazards models were used to evaluate the association between migraine and headache status and incident depression. RESULTS: At baseline, 5115 women reported a history of nonmigraine headache, 1805 reported migraine with aura, 2723 reported migraine without aura, and 1896 reported a past history of migraine. During 13.8 mean years of follow-up, 3833 new cases of depression occurred. The adjusted relative risks of incident depression were 1.44 (95% CI: 1.32, 1.56) for nonmigraine headache, 1.53 (95% CI: 1.35, 1.74) for migraine with aura, 1.40 (95% CI: 1.25, 1.56) for migraine without aura, and 1.56 (95% CI: 1.37, 1.77) for past history of migraine compared to no history of headache. CONCLUSIONS: Middle-aged women with migraine or nonmigraine headache are at increased risk of incident depression. Frequent migraine attacks (weekly or daily) were associated with the highest risk for developing depression.
Source: Cephalalgia
Language: English
Subfield: Psychiatry and Mental health
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Open Access status: green
Awards: Women's Health Study: Continued Follow-Up, G1528515809, Training Program in Epidemiologic Research on Aging, G225188620, G229684361, G2716548166, G558986044, The Women's Health Study: Addition of New Data to Maximize its Research Impact, G6008908520, TRIAL OF ASPIRIN AND VITAMIN E IN WOMEN, Women's Health Study: Continued Follow-up
OpenAlex ID: W2128037251