The role of intestinal microbiota in energy metabolism and metabolic discorders.
Year: 2010
Type: article
Abstract: Obesity and its associated metabolic disorders are a worldwide epidemic. In humans, obesity\ncauses changes in gut microbial composition. Analysis of the consequences of these changes\nfor host energy metabolism, particularly in the context of obesity, requires good experimental\nmodels. The use of gnotobiotic animal models has indicated new mediators and molecular targets\nthat suggest a metabolic dialogue between the gut bacteria and the host. The discovery of\nthe impact of a high-fat diet on metabolic disorders linked to gut microbiota has revealed\nbacterial components (lipopolysaccharides and Toll-like receptors) as potential targets in the\nmanagement of obesity and related disorders. In animal models, it has been possible to effect specific\nchanges to the gut microbiota through food components with prebiotic properties, thereby\ndecreasing obesity and its associated metabolic alterations, including inflammation. The relevance\nof this approach in the management of obesity in humans is supported by a number of\nintervention studies. A metagenomic and integrative metabolomic approach could help in the\ndiscovery of which bacteria, among the trillions in the human gut, are specifically involved in the\ncontrol of host energy metabolism. This knowledge could be relevant for future therapeutic\ndevelopments in the prevention of obesity and related metabolic disorders.
Authors: Nathalie M. Delzenne, Patrice D. Cani
Language: English
Topic: Gut microbiota and health
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Open Access status: green
OpenAlex ID: W2129282689