Mesenchymal Stem Cell: Keystone of the Hematopoietic Stem Cell Niche and a Stepping-Stone for Regenerative Medicine
Year: 2013
Type: review
Abstract: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are self-renewing precursor cells that can differentiate into bone, fat, cartilage, and stromal cells of the bone marrow. Recent studies suggest that MSCs themselves are critical for forming a niche that maintains hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). The ease by which human MSC-like and stromal progenitor cells can be isolated from the bone marrow and other tissues has led to the rapid development of clinical investigations exploring their anti-inflammatory properties, tissue preservation capabilities, and regenerative potential. However, the identity of genuine MSCs and their specific contributions to these various beneficial effects have remained enigmatic. In this article, we examine the definition of MSCs and discuss the importance of rigorously characterizing their stem cell activity. We review their role and that of other putative niche constituents in the regulation of bone marrow HSCs. Additionally, how MSCs and their stromal progeny alter immune function is discussed, as well as potential therapeutic implications.
Source: Annual Review of Immunology
Institutions: Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Yeshiva University
Language: English
Subfield: Cell Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Open Access status: green
Awards: Regulation and function of hematopoietic stem cell niches, In vivo function of macrophage in healthy and diseased erythropoiesis, Mechanisms mediating circadian oscillations of leukocyte migration, In vivo mechanisms mediating sickle cell vaso-occlusion and organ damage, Role of mesenchymal stem cells in the blood stem cell niche
OpenAlex ID: W2138953281