HIV-1 and the Immune Response to TB
Year: 2012
Type: article
Abstract: TB causes 1.4 million deaths annually. HIV-1 infection is the strongest risk factor for TB. The characteristic immunological effect of HIV is on CD4 cell count. However, the risk of TB is elevated in HIV-1 infected individuals even in the first few years after HIV acquisition and also after CD4 cell counts are restored with antiretroviral therapy. In this review, we examine features of the immune response to TB and how this is affected by HIV-1 infection and vice versa. We discuss how the immunology of HIV–TB coinfection impacts on the clinical presentation and diagnosis of TB, and how antiretroviral therapy affects the immune response to TB, including the development of TB immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome. We highlight important areas of uncertainty and future research needs.
Source: Future Virology
DOI: 10.2217/fvl.12.123
Language: English
Subfield: Infectious Diseases
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Open Access status: green
Awards: Quadruple intervention against tuberculosis., Defining interventions to reduce mortality in severe HIV-associated tuberculosis., Clinical proteomic and genomic characterisation of the immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome in HIV-associated tuberculosis, Southern Africa Consortium for Research Excellence (SACORE), European and South African HIV co-infection research consortium, South Africa Tuberculosis/AIDS Training, G5250848484, Defining mechanisms driving immunopathology in Tuberculosis-HIV Co-infection., G6079531540, G76681233, Establishment of a Centre for Clinical Infectious Diseases Research at the University of Cape Town (Wellcome-UCT-CCIDR).
OpenAlex ID: W2139398845