Effets de restrictions alimentaires pendant la croissance des truies sur leur maturité sexuelle et leur reproduction ultérieure
Year: 1983
Type: article
Abstract: Effect of feed restrictions during growth on puberty and reproductive performance in gilts.Effects on reproduction of feed restriction during different periods of growth were investigated in 76 Large-White gilts given one of 3 treatments between 79 days of age (27.9 kg) and puberty.The control gilts (group 1) were fed ad libitum during the experimental period, and those in group 2 received 12 % less feed from 61 kg of liveweight until puberty.The gilts in group 3 received 33 % less feed before 61 kg and were then pair-fed with the gilts in group 1.All the gilts were mated at first estrus and received 2.4 kg of feed per day during pregnancy.They were laparotomized at 38 days after mating and slaughtered at 105 days of pregnancy to measure early and late embryonic mortality.Contrary to group 3 (age at puberty : 256 days), no difference was found in age at puberty between group 1 and 2 gilts (232 and 226 days, respectively).Early undernutrition delayed age at first estrus, even when followed by normal feeding after 61 kg of liveweight.The gilts in group 2 had less backfat (backfat depth 24 vs 31 mm) and weighed less at puberty than the others (111 kg -vs 124 kg).Severe undernutrition tented to increase early embryonic mortality (21.1, 18.8 and 33 % in groups 1, 2 and 3, res- pectively) but the reverse was observed thereafter so that there was no difference in total embryonic mortality at 105 days of gestation (32.6, 30.6 and 36.5 % in groups 1, 2 and 3, respectively) . Introduction.L'influence de l'alimentation pendant la croissance sur l'apparition de la puberté chez la truie a fait l'objet de nombreuses expériences qui, en raison de la diversité de leurs conditions et des contradictions entre leurs résultats, ne permettent pas de conclure de façon définitive.Il semble pourtant que si un rationnement alimentaire ou énergétique provoque le plus souvent une diminution du poids des femelles au 1 er oestrus, seule une restriction supérieure à 35 % de l'alimentation à volonté retarde leur puberté (Rérat et Duée, 1976).On peut cependant se demander s'il n'existe pas des moments particuliers de la vie
DOI: 10.1051/rnd:19830215
Language: French
Subfield: Animal Science and Zoology
Domain: Life Sciences
SDG: Zero hunger
Open Access status: bronze
OpenAlex ID: W4298838842