Use of a Multifaceted Approach to Analyze HIV Incidence in a Cohort Study of Women in the United States: HIV Prevention Trials Network 064 Study
Year: 2012
Type: article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Reliable methods for estimating the incidence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection are needed to monitor the epidemic, identify at-risk populations, and evaluate HIV prevention strategies. We used a multifaceted approach to estimate HIV incidence in the HIV Prevention Trials Network (HPTN) 064 study. METHODS: The HPTN 064 study enrolled 2067 HIV-seronegative women and 32 HIV-seropositive women with no prior HIV infection diagnosis. Women were followed for up to 12 months. HIV incidence estimates were based on (1) detection of acute HIV infection, (2) documentation of HIV seroconversion, and (3) detection of recent HIV infection, using a multiassay algorithm (MAA). RESULTS: Two women had acute HIV infection at enrollment, 4 seroconverted, and 2 were identified as recently infected at enrollment using the MAA. The annual HIV incidence estimate based on acute infection at enrollment (2.52% [95% confidence interval {CI}, .17%-9.33%], using a 14-day window period) was higher than the estimate based on seroconversion (0.24% [95% CI, .07%-.62%]; P = .027). Incidence estimates obtained using the MAA at enrollment and at the end of study were 0.25% (95% CI, .03%-.93%) and 0.13% (95% CI, .006%-.76%), respectively. CONCLUSIONS: We detected a high frequency of acute infection at enrollment. Cross-sectional HIV incidence estimates obtained using the MAA were similar to the longitudinal estimate based on HIV seroconversion. CLINICAL TRIALS REGISTRATION: NCT00995176.
Institutions: Johns Hopkins University, Johns Hopkins Medicine, University of Washington, Fred Hutch Cancer Center, National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, University of California, Los Angeles, Columbia University, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey
Language: English
Subfield: Infectious Diseases
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Open Access status: green
Funders: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Abbott Laboratories, National Institutes of Health, Abbott Diagnostics, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Center for Research Resources, Office of AIDS Research, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, NHLBI Division of Intramural Research
Awards: Leadership for HIV/AIDS Clinical Trials Networks; HIV Prevention Trials Network, Atlanta Clinical and Translational Science Institute (UL1), HIV Prevention trials Network (HPTN) Coordinating and Operations Center, HIV incidence testing in an evolving epidemic: Identification of accurate multi-assay algorithms that include serosignatures from a novel antibody profiling system., Atlanta Clinical and Translational Science Institute (ACTSI) Renewal, HIV Prevention Trials Network: Network Laboratory, G7325375021, The University of North Carolina Center for AIDS Research, LC: HIV PREVENTION TRIALS NETWORK
OpenAlex ID: W2142550531