Work

Does Epigenetic Regulation Plays a Critical Role in Acute Lung Injury?

Year: 2014

Type: article

Abstract: including pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines are involved in the pathogenesis of ALI/ARDS.Increased amount of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-8 are reported in BAL fluid and plasma of patients with ARDS, orchestrating with the low levels of inflammatory inhibitors such as IL-1α, IL-4, and IL-10.Inflammation in ALI/ARDS results in cell death, alveolar epithelial membrane leaking, and dysfunction of surfactant secretion.The followed injury repair mediates fibro proliferative response further impaired lung function.Epigenetic is a rapidly emerging fielded exploring the processes where gene activity is changed without alteration of the DNA sequence.5 Epigenetic regulation happens in different layers, it occurs at the chromatin, histone, DNA, RNA, or mRNA levels.Epigenetic studies are well documented at the tone protein levels.Histone proteins are nuclear structural proteins including histone H1, H 2 A, H 2 B, H3 and H4.Among them, two sets of H 2 A, H 2 B, H3 and H4 form a core structure, the protein core is surrounded by ~147 base-pair of genomic DNA to form the basic chromatin structural unit nucleosome.Histone H1 binds to the genomic DNA lined between nucleosomes.Most importantly, his tone NH 2 -terminal tails are not buried into the nucleosome core structure that makes them easy to be accessed by a vast range of post-translational modifiers.Furthermore, the amino acid composition of the primary structure of the his tone NH 2 -terminal tails is vulnerable to a variety of post-translational modifications.Posttranslational modifiers catalyze enzymatic processes that covalently attach various chemical groups to the appropriate amino acid residues in NH 2 -terminal tails.Some of these chemical groups are well studied small chemicals that include the acetyl, methyl, or phosphorus groups.Some of them are small proteins such as ubiquity, or even long chain fatty acid palmitoyl group.6 Does epigenetic regulation plays a critical role in acute lung injury?

Source: Journal of Lung Pulmonary & Respiratory Research

DOI: 10.15406/jlprr.2014.01.00002

Authors: Chunbin Zou, Jin Li

Institution: University of Pittsburgh

Language: English

Topic: Respiratory Support and Mechanisms

Subfield: Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine

Field: Medicine

Domain: Health Sciences

SDG: Good health and well-being

Open Access status: hybrid

Funder: American Heart Association