A Latent Class Analysis of DSM-IV and Fagerstrom (FTND) Criteria for Nicotine Dependence
Year: 2011
Type: article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Nicotine dependence is associated with considerable morbidity and mortality. Two predominant classification systems, the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM-IV) and Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence (FTND), have been used to measure liability to nicotine dependence, yet few studies have attempted to simultaneously examine both sets of criteria. METHODS: Using a sample of 624 regular smoking individuals who are offspring of Vietnam Era Twin fathers ascertained for an offspring of twin study, we applied latent class analysis to the 7 DSM-IV and the 6 FTND criteria to classify individuals by their nicotine dependence symptom profiles. Post-hoc across-class comparisons were conducted using a variety of smoking-related variables and aspects of psychopathology. Whether a single class identified offspring at high genetic and environmental vulnerability was also investigated. RESULTS: The cross-diagnosis kappa was .30. A 4-class solution fit these data best. The classes included a low DSM-low FTND class and a high DSM-high FTND class; a moderate DSM-moderate FTND class, which was distinguished by moderate levels of smoking and intermediate levels of comorbid psychopathology; and a light smoking-moderate FTND class consisting primarily of lighter smokers with a more recent onset of regular smoking. High genetic and environmental vulnerability to nicotine dependence was noted in all classes with no statistically significant across-class differences. CONCLUSIONS: In general, the DSM-IV and FTND criteria performed similarly to define a continuum of risk for nicotine dependence. The emerging class of light smokers should be further investigated to assess whether they transition to another class or remain as such.
Source: Nicotine & Tobacco Research
DOI: 10.1093/ntr/ntr105
Language: English
Subfield: Physiology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Open Access status: green
Awards: G1153924929, G1327710812, G1425089079, G1428825793, G1738478728, CANNABIS AND TOBACCO INVOLVEMENT: A TWIN STUDY, G2811795972, Cannabis Use, Abuse and Dependence: Exploring Phenotypes, Cannabis and Other Illicit Drug Use: A Twin Study, ADOLESCENT COAS--A TWIN FAMILY DESIGN, G3549989668, G425717312, Gene Environment in Outcomes of Offspring of Twins with Substance Use Disorders, Environmental Risks for Smoking: A Genetically Informed Children of Twins Design, G5644307350, Biomedical Training in Alcoholism Research, G6129226368, G6452699968, Offspring of Twins: G,E and GxE Risks for Alcoholism, G8879572479, G970815457
OpenAlex ID: W2159733739