The Influences of Cell Type and ZnO Nanoparticle Size on Immune Cell Cytotoxicity and Cytokine Induction
Year: 2009
Type: article
Abstract: Nanotechnology represents a new and enabling platform that promises to provide a range of innovative technologies for biological applications. ZnO nanoparticles of controlled size were synthesized, and their cytotoxicity toward different human immune cells evaluated. A differential cytotoxic response between human immune cell subsets was observed, with lymphocytes being the most resistant and monocytes being the most susceptible to ZnO nanoparticle-induced toxicity. Significant differences were also observed between previously activated memory lymphocytes and naive lymphocytes, indicating a relationship between cell-cycle potential and nanoparticle susceptibility. Mechanisms of toxicity involve the generation of reactive oxygen species, with monocytes displaying the highest levels, and the degree of cytotoxicity dependent on the extent of nanoparticle interactions with cellular membranes. An inverse relationship between nanoparticle size and cytotoxicity, as well as nanoparticle size and reactive oxygen species production was observed. In addition, ZnO nanoparticles induce the production of the proinflammatory cytokines, IFN-γ, TNF-α, and IL-12, at concentrations below those causing appreciable cell death. Collectively, these results underscore the need for careful evaluation of ZnO nanoparticle effects across a spectrum of relevant cell types when considering their use for potential new nanotechnology-based biological applications.
Source: Nanoscale Research Letters
Authors: Cory Hanley, Aaron Thurber, Charles Hanna, Alex Punnoose, Jianhui Zhang, Denise G Wingett
Language: English
Subfield: Materials Chemistry
Field: Materials Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Open Access status: gold
Estimated APC paid: $1,790
Funders: National Science Foundation, U.S. Department of Defense, U.S. Department of Energy, National Institutes of Health, National Cancer Institute, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Division of Materials Research, Office of Experimental Program to Stimulate Competitive Research
Awards: G1870519337, Preferential cytotoxic actions of metal oxide nanoparticles against cancer, INCORPORATION OF NOVEL NANOSTRUCTURED MATERIALS INTO SOLAR CELLS AND NANOELECTRONIC DEVICES, CAREER: RUI: Development and Investigations of Transition-Metal-Doped Ferromagnetic SnO2 Thin Films and Structures, G4662228286, MRI: Acquisition of a Transmission Electron Microscope for Multidisciplinary Research and Education, MRI: Acquisition of a FACS (Fluorescent Activated Cell Sorter) to Support Collaborative Research and Education in Biomolecular sciences and nanomaterials applications, Altered cAMP Regulation of CD40L in Asthma, RUI: Interactions in Quantum and Biophysical Systems, Collaborative Research: RUI: A Study of the Solution-Based Synthesis of N-Doped ZnO, Mn- and Co-Doped ZnO, and (N,Mn)- and (N,Co)-Codoped ZnO
OpenAlex ID: W2163702095