Work

The Role of Planning Skills in the Income–Achievement Gap

Year: 2013

Type: article

Abstract: The pervasive income-achievement gap has been attributed in part to deficiencies in executive functioning (EF). The development of EF is related to children's planning ability, an aspect of development that has received little attention. Longitudinal data from the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development study of early child care show that early childhood poverty (1 and 24 months) is significantly related to fifth grade, math, and reading achievement (n = 1,009). The ability to plan in Grade 3, indexed by the Tower of Hanoi task, mediates the income-achievement gap in math and to a lesser extent in reading. IQ was incorporated as a statistical control throughout.

Source: Child Development

DOI: 10.1111/cdev.12129

Authors: Stephen R Crook, Gary W Evans

Institution: Cornell University

Language: English

Topic: Early Childhood Education and Development

Subfield: Education

Field: Social Sciences

Domain: Social Sciences

SDGs: Reduced inequalities, No poverty, Quality education

Open Access status: green

Funders: National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities