Viral Encounters with 2′,5′-Oligoadenylate Synthetase and RNase L during the Interferon Antiviral Response
Year: 2007
Type: review
Abstract: RNA cleavage is a fundamental host response for controlling viral infections in both plants and animals(26). In higher vertebrates this process is often regulated by interferons (IFN), a family of antiviral cytokines discovered 50 years ago(50). One of the principal IFN antiviral pathways involves activation of the ubiquitous cellular endoribonuclease, RNase L (formerly 2-5A dependent RNase)(125). Recently, there has been progress in understanding how RNase L affects a range of different types of viral infections and how viruses counteract RNase L. Understanding how RNase L and viruses interact in vivo could contribute to therapeutic strategies for controlling pathogenic viruses(113). The OAS/RNase L system is an innate immunity pathway that responds to a pathogen associated molecular pattern (PAMP) to induce degradation of viral and cellular RNA and thereby block viral infections (Fig. 1A). The PAMP is double-stranded RNA (dsRNA), a type of non-self RNA produced during infections by both RNA and DNA viruses. Viral dsRNAs include replicative intermediates of ssRNA viruses, viral dsRNA genomes, annealed viral RNAs of opposite polarity and stem structures in otherwise
Source: Journal of Virology
DOI: 10.1128/jvi.01471-07
Author: Robert H. Silverman
Institutions: Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland Clinic Research
Language: English
Subfield: Immunology
Field: Immunology and Microbiology
Domain: Life Sciences
Open Access status: green
OpenAlex ID: W2166343003