Endothelial Dysfunction and Inflammation
Year: 2014
Type: article
Abstract: BACKGROUND Conventional based methods of catheter removal of arterial blockages formed during the process of atherosclerosis often result in production of a series of rapidly occurring events which follow the balloon catheter-induced tearing of the existing atherosclerotic plaques and concomitant arterial damage and luminal destruction and ending with significant lumen narrowing within a period of around 6 months (between 4–10% of cases following endarterectomy and approximately 33% of cases in coronary arteries for example; Fig. 1). The more recent introduction of stents has helped to resolve/reduce some of the problems associated with balloon angioplasty, in that it provides a scaffold which can prevent constriction from the intima, and when coated with anti-proliferative or anti-inflammatory drugs, can significantly slow down the process of in-stent restenosis. However, angiographic restenosis (>50%) and clinical symptomatic restenosis still occurs in 20–30% and 10–15% of patients respectively in the first year after treatment (1), and evidence has shown that there is no significant difference in long-term (3–5 years) follow up regarding subsequent myocardial infarction and death (2). Within this pathophysiological sequence of events, thrombosis and inflammation can occur at the injury site within 1 week of treatment. These events trigger a cellular response with increased cell proliferation and
Authors: Gary L. McDowell, Mark Slevin
Language: English
Subfield: Immunology
Field: Immunology and Microbiology
Domain: Life Sciences
Open Access status: diamond
OpenAlex ID: W2185038306