Polysomnographic measures of sleep in cocaine dependence and alcohol dependence: Implications for age‐related loss of slow wave, stage 3 sleep
Year: 2016
Type: article
Study design: Observational Study
Abstract: BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Sleep disturbance is a prominent complaint in cocaine and alcohol dependence. This controlled study evaluated differences of polysomnographic (PSG) sleep in cocaine- and alcohol-dependent subjects, and examined whether substance dependence interacts with age to alter slow wave sleep and rapid eye movement (REM) sleep. DESIGN: Cross-sectional comparison. SETTING: Los Angeles and San Diego, CA, USA. PARTICIPANTS: Abstinent cocaine-dependent subjects (n = 32), abstinent alcohol-dependent subjects (n = 73) and controls (n = 108); mean age 40.3 years recruited 2005-12. MEASUREMENTS: PSG measures of sleep continuity and sleep architecture primary outcomes of Stage 3 sleep and REM sleep. Covariates included age, ethnicity, education, smoking, body mass index and depressive symptoms. FINDINGS: Compared with controls, both groups of substance dependent subjects showed loss of Stage 3 sleep (P < 0.001). A substance dependence × age interaction was found in which both cocaine- and alcohol-dependent groups showed loss of Stage 3 sleep at an earlier age than controls (P < 0.05 for all), and cocaine-dependent subjects showed loss of Stage 3 sleep at an earlier age than alcoholics (P < 0.05). Compared with controls, REM sleep was increased in both substance-dependent groups (P < 0.001), and cocaine and alcohol dependence were associated with earlier age-related increase in REM sleep (P < 0.05 for all). CONCLUSIONS: Cocaine and alcohol dependence appear to be associated with marked disturbances of sleep architecture, including increased rapid eye movement sleep and accelerated age-related loss of slow wave, Stage 3 sleep.
Source: Addiction
DOI: 10.1111/add.13300
Institution: University of California, Los Angeles
Language: English
Topic: Sleep and related disorders
Subfield: Experimental and Cognitive Psychology
Field: Psychology
Domain: Social Sciences
Open Access status: hybrid
Estimated APC paid: $4,600
Awards: UCLA Clinical and Translational Science Institute, Aging: Sleep and Inflammatory Mechanisms in Depression Prevention, Social Isolation and Sleep Disturance in Aging: Inflammatory Mechanisms, Sleep, Inflamation, and Depression Occurrence in Breast Cancer Survivors, G2663518188, Cocaine Dependence: EEG Sleep and Cytokines, Sleep and Immune Mechanisms in Rheumatoid Arthritis, Alcoholism: Sleep and Cytokines in African Americans, UCLA Older Americans Independence Center, Tai Chi Effects on Chronic Insomnia in Breast Cancer Survivors: Immune Mechanisms, G9000249658, G9000354797, USC/UCLA Center on Biodemography and Population Health, Mechanisms of Sleep Disruption Hyperalgesia, Chronic Moderate Sleep Restriction in Older Long and Older Average Sleepers
OpenAlex ID: W2222990617