The Effects of Acclimation Temperature on the Susceptibility of Biological Membranes in Fish Muscle to Lipid Peroxidation and the Role of Phospholipid Composition on Antioxidant Defenses in Vertebrates
Year: 2010
Type: article
Abstract: The rate of lipid peroxidation (LPO) of biological membranes depends on both phospholipid composition and the balance between pro-and antioxidant metabolism.At cold temperatures, fishes are enriched in phospholipids containing polyunsaturated fatty acids and ethanolamine headgroups, which should increase LPO susceptibility.LPO at cold temperatures may be exacerbated by increases in the production of reactive oxygen species accompanying enhanced oxidative capacities.The central hypothesis of Chapters 1 and 2 of the current work is that animals at cold and warm body temperatures may experience similar rates of LPO because the physiological changes at cold temperature (phospholipid remodeling and oxidative metabolism) may offset the shift in kinetics of LPO and ROS generation as a consequence of temperature.This work addresses the effects of acclimation temperature on pro-and antioxidant metabolism, phospholipid composition, and susceptibility of LPO using eurythermal fishes including killifish (Fundulus heteroclitus macrolepidotus), bluegill (Lepomis macrochirus), and striped bass (Morone saxatilis).In Chapter 1, killifish and bluegill were acclimated for 9 days and 2 months, respectively, to 5° and 25°C.Following the acclimation period, activities of oxidative and antioxidant enzymes were quantified in glycolytic and cardiac muscle, and LPO susceptibility was measured at an intermediate temperature (15°C) in mitochondrial 4 and microsomal membranes.In Chapter 2, striped bass were acclimated to 7° and 25°C for six weeks and mitochondrial and sarcoplasmic reticular membranes were prepared from aerobic muscle fibers.Subsequently, LPO susceptibility was quantified in membranes at both intermediate (16°C) and physiological (acclimation) temperatures (7° and 25°C), and phospholipid composition was determined.Phospholipid compositions of vertebrate taxa are also influenced by diet, yet the link between naturally-occurring dietary PUFA and antioxidant defenses has not been well-studied.Marine fishes are generally enriched in omega-3 fatty acids such as eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), relative to other animals.Most vertebrates (including marine fishes) are dependent upon dietary sources to obtain adequate levels of these compounds.Diets of marine vertebrates are enriched in omega-3 fatty acids, while those of terrestrial vertebrates are not.It is unclear whether the highly oxidizable content of omega-3 fatty acids in marine fishes requires a fortification of antioxidants that can both protect and repair (i.e., GPx4) these lipids from LPO. Chapter 3 addresses this question by quantifying activities of oxidative (citrate synthase) and antioxidant (glutathione peroxidase 1 & 4 and catalase) enzymes, GPx4 protein, and phospholipid composition of livers from seven vertebrate species including, hagfish (Myxine glutinosa), sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus), dogfish (Squalus acanthias), killifish, longhorn sculpin (Myoxocephalus octodecemspinosus), red-spotted newt (Notopthalmus viridescens), and mouse (Mus musculus).
Author: Jeffrey M. Grim
Institution: Ohio University
Language: English
Subfield: Ecology
Field: Environmental Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Open Access status: green
Funders: National Science Foundation, Mount Desert Island Biological Laboratory, Kansas IDeA Network of Biomedical Research Excellence, National Institutes of Health, Directorate for Biological Sciences, Ohio Center for Ecology and Evolutionary Studies, Ohio University, National Institute on Aging, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Center for Research Resources, Office of Experimental Program to Stimulate Competitive Research
Awards: G1230792857, G2107440923, G2511101230, G2584988094, Consequences of Lipid Restructuring During Temperature Variation on the Susceptibility of Biological Membranes to Lipid Peroxidation, G4535251699, Center for Membrane Toxicity Studies, G527540128, G565639025, Metabolomic Profiling of Lipids and Their Compositional Dynamics in Plant Stress Responses, Kansas IDeA Network of Biomedical Research Excellence, G5958474542, Phase IV: Improvement of the Academic Research Infrastructure, Acquisition of Mass Spectrometers for the Kansas State University Functional Genomics Laboratories
OpenAlex ID: W2224372442