Racial and Ethnic Heterogeneity in Self-Reported Diabetes Prevalence Trends Across Hispanic Subgroups, National Health Interview Survey, 1997–2012
Year: 2016
Type: article
Study design: Observational Study
Abstract: INTRODUCTION: We examined racial/ethnic heterogeneity in self-reported diabetes prevalence over 15 years. METHODS: We used National Health Interview Survey data for 1997 through 2012 on 452,845 adults aged 18 years or older. Annual self-reported diabetes prevalence was estimated by race/ethnicity and education. We tested for trends over time by education and race/ethnicity. We also analyzed racial/ethnic and education trends in average annual prevalence. RESULTS: During the 15 years studied, diabetes prevalence differed significantly by race/ethnicity (P < .001) and by Hispanic subgroup (P < .001). Among participants with less than a high school education, the 5-year trend in diabetes prevalence was highest among Cubans and Cuban Americans (β(5YR) = 4.8, P = .002), Puerto Ricans (β(5YR) = 2.2, P = .06), non-Hispanic blacks (β(5YR) = 2.2, P < .001), and non-Hispanic whites (β(5YR) = 2.1, P < .001). Among participants with more than a high school education, non-Hispanic blacks had the highest average annual prevalence (5.5%) and Puerto Ricans had the highest 5-year trend in annual diabetes prevalence (β(5YR) = 2.6, P = .001). CONCLUSIONS: In this representative sample of US adults, results show ethnic variations in diabetes prevalence. The prevalence of diabetes is higher among Hispanics than among non-Hispanic whites, unevenly distributed across Hispanic subgroups, and more pronounced over time and by education. Findings support disaggregation of data for racial/ethnic populations in the United States to monitor trends in diabetes disparities and the use of targeted, culturally appropriate interventions to prevent diabetes.
Source: Preventing Chronic Disease
DOI: 10.5888/pcd13.150260
Language: English
Subfield: Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Open Access status: diamond
Funders: Foundation for Barnes-Jewish Hospital, Alvin J. Siteman Cancer Center, National Institutes of Health, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Cancer Institute, National Center on Minority Health and Health Disparities, National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities
OpenAlex ID: W2255226209