Year: 2015
Type: article
Abstract: PEROXISOME PROLIFERATOR-ACTIVATED receptor (PPAR)-␥ is one of the three PPAR subtypes (PPAR␣, PPAR/␦, and PPAR␥) that are ligand-activated transcription factors that belong to the nuclear hormone receptor superfamily (7,12,13,19).Far beyond the stimulation of peroxisome proliferation in rodents after which they were initially named, PPARs control the transcription of large number of genes involved in diverse physiological processes, such as metabolism of glucose and lipids, adipogenesis, insulin sensitivity, immune response, cell growth and differentiation, as well as pathophysiological conditions, such as metabolic syndrome, oxidative stress, inflammation, atherosclerosis and cancer, etc.In line with their diverse functions, PPARs present in a large variety of cell types and tissues, including in the kidneys, and have been shown to participate in the regulation of fluid homeostasis (2, 3, 7, 14, 19).Among the three PPARs, the role of PPAR␥ in fluid homeostasis has been most extensively investigated.Mostly utilizing the agonist of PPAR␥, studies have demonstrated that activation of PPAR␥ promotes fluid retention by stimulating sodium reabsorption in the kidneys through different mechanisms involving epithelial sodium channels (ENaC), Na ϩ /K ϩ -ATPase, Na ϩ /H ϩ exchangers, and Na ϩ -HCO 3
Source: Physiological Genomics
Author: Ningjun Li
Language: English
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Open Access status: bronze
OpenAlex ID: W2297008448