Work

Vapor Trapping Membrane for Reverse Osmosis

Year: 2010

Type: conference-paper

Abstract: This paper presents a concept for desalination by reverse osmosis (RO) using a vapor-trapping membrane. The membrane is composed of hydrophobic nanopores and separates the feed salt water and the fresh water (permeate) side. The feed water is vaporized by applied pressure and the water vapor condenses on the permeate side accompanied by recovery of latent heat. A probabilistic model was developed for transport of water vapor inside the nanopores, which predicted 3–5 times larger mass flux than conventional RO membranes at temperatures in the range of 30–50°C. An experimental method to realize short and hydrophobic nanopores is presented. Gold was deposited at the entrance of alumina pores followed by modification using an alkanethiol self-assembled monolayer. The membranes were tested for defective or leaking pores using a calcium ion indicator (Fluo-4). This method revealed the existence of defect-free areas in the 100–200 μm size range that are sufficient for flux measurement. Finally, a microfluidic flow cell was created for characterizing the transport properties of the fabricated membranes.

DOI: 10.1115/imece2010-39242

Authors: Jongho Lee, Sean O’Hern, Rohit Karnik, Tahar Laoui

Institutions: Massachusetts Institute of Technology, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals

Language: English

Topic: Membrane Separation Technologies

Subfield: Water Science and Technology

Field: Environmental Science

Domain: Physical Sciences

SDG: Clean water and sanitation

Open Access status: green

Funder: King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals

OpenAlex ID: W2321655895

FWCI:

Cites: 8

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Related to: 10