Year: 2016
Type: article
Abstract: Background: The objective of this study is to evaluate the economic impact of vaccine-based interventions in response to an influenza pandemic, for the city of Chicago, and compare the cost-benefit metrics between a dynamic agent-based network model and a static Markov model. Efficient allocation of clinical resources, including vaccination, minimizes the costs of deaths, hospitalizations, and outpatient visits during an influenza pandemic. Methods & Materials: The social contact network is a co-location based synthetic network, generated for the city of Chicago. The transmission dynamics of the influenza-like-illness in the population is simulated using the susceptible-exposed-infectious-recovered epidemiological model. We compare the costs and benefits of different vaccine-based interventions in control and prevention of an influenza pandemic. Results: We simulated a base case scenario of no vaccine intervention for the city of Chicago with a basic reproductive number of 1.5 for a resultant attack rate of 58.1% and health care cost per capita of $1,124. Applying the vaccine intervention with efficacy of 40% and compliance rate of 40% was a cost saving intervention for both the dynamic agent-based network model and the static Markov model. The net return per capita at 21$ per vaccine is $363 and $261 for the dynamic and static models respectively. Conclusion: We infer that higher number of cases of Influenza are averted in the dynamic agent-based network model in comparison to the static Markov model, as well as the vaccine-based interventions are comparatively more cost effective for all age and risk groups in the dynamic model.
Institution: Virginia Tech
Language: English
Subfield: Epidemiology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Open Access status: gold
Estimated APC paid: $2,900
OpenAlex ID: W2322537276