Work

Local control of thyroid hormone action: role of type 2 deiodinase

Year: 2011

Type: review

Abstract: The thyroid gland predominantly secretes the pro-hormone thyroxine (T(4)) that is converted to the active hormone 3,5,3'-l-triiodothyronine (T(3)) in target cells. Conversion of T(4) to T(3) is catalyzed by the type 2 iodothyronine deiodinase enzyme (DIO2), and T(3) action in target tissues is determined by DIO2-regulated local availability of T(3) to its nuclear receptors, TRα and TRβ. Studies of Dio2 knockout mice have revealed new and important roles for the enzyme during development and in adulthood in diverse tissues including the cochlea, skeleton, brown fat, pituitary, and hypothalamus. In this review, we discuss the molecular mechanisms by which DIO2 controls intracellular T(3) availability and action.

Source: Journal of Endocrinology

DOI: 10.1530/joe-10-0448

Authors: Graham R Williams, J H Duncan Bassett

Institutions: Hammersmith Hospital, Imperial College London, Medical Research Council

Language: English

Topic: Thyroid Disorders and Treatments

Subfield: Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism

Field: Medicine

Domain: Health Sciences

Open Access status: bronze

Funders: Directorate for Biological Sciences, Medical Research Council, Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council

Awards: G4395880079, Hypothalamic regulation of appetite by thyroid hormones