Year: 2014
Type: article
Abstract: Nuclear Factor kappa B (NF-κB) is a family of dimeric transcription factors conserved in structure and function from the fruit fly drosophila melanogaster.NF-κB is involved in survival, inflammatory responses, immune responses, apoptosis, cell cycle regulation, and growth and development.All members of the NF-κB/Rel family contain a Rel-homology domain (RHD) that allows these proteins to dimerize, bind to DNA, and translocate to the nucleus.Certain members of the Rel family contain a transactivation domain (TAD) which activates transcription.Dysregulation of the NF-κB pathway is observed in many disease states including, cancer, heart disease, chronic inflammation, viral infection, cachexia, and neurological disorders.In the classical pathway, NF-κB consists of a heterodimer of p50/p65 that is sequestered in the cytoplasm by IκBα, a member of the IκB family of inhibitory proteins.When cells are induced by a pro-inflammatory cytokine, such as TNFα, intracellular signals that affect NF-κB converge at the IKK proteins.Activated IKK kinases phosphorylate IκBα, which is then ubiquitinated and degraded by the 26s proteasome.After degradation of IκBα, the nuclear localization signal of the p50/p65 heterodimer is SMRT…………………Silencing Mediator for Retinoid and Thyroid Hormone Receptors TAD……………………………………………………………….Transactivation Domain TBST…………………………………………………Tris Buffered Saline with Tween-20 TNFα……………………………………………………………..Tumor Necrosis Factor α TSA………………………………………………………………………….Trichostatin A 1-1 Figure 1.NF-κB regulated genes and diseases with NF-κB dysregulation.NF-κB regulates genes involved in survival, apoptosis, proliferation, immunity, and its own negative feedback.Dysregulation of NF-κB is seen in many disease states including cancer, cachexia, neurological disorders, chronic inflammation, heart disease, and viral infection.
Author: Lindsay Marie Schreiner
Institution: University of Toledo
Language: English
Topic: NF-κB Signaling Pathways
Subfield: Cancer Research
Domain: Life Sciences
Open Access status: green
OpenAlex ID: W2336519656