Polyphenol intake from a Mediterranean diet decreases inflammatory biomarkers related to atherosclerosis: a substudy of the PREDIMED trial
Year: 2016
Type: review
Abstract: High dietary polyphenol intake is associated with reduced all‐cause mortality and a lower incidence of cardiovascular events. However, the mechanisms involved are not fully understood. The aim of the present substudy of the PREvención con DIetaMEDiterránea (Prevention with Mediterranean diet; PREDIMED) trial was to analyse the relationship between polyphenol intake measured by total urinary polyphenol excretion (TPE), and circulating inflammatory biomarkers and cardiovascular risk factors in elderly individuals. A substudy of 1139 high‐risk participants was carried out within the PREDIMED trial. The subjects were randomly assigned to a low‐fat control diet or to two Mediterranean diets, supplemented with either extra‐virgin olive oil or nuts. Dietary intake, anthropometric data, clinical and laboratory assessments, including inflammatory biomarkers, and urinary TPE were measured at baseline and after the one‐year intervention. Participants in the highest tertile of changes in urinary TPE (T3) showed significantly lower plasma levels of inflammatory biomarkers [vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM‐1) (–9.47 ng ml –1 ), intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (–14.71 ng ml –1 ), interleukin 6 (–1.21 pg ml –1 ), tumour necrosis factor alpha (–7.05 pg ml –1 ) and monocyte chemotactic protein 1 (–3.36 pg ml –1 )] than those inthe lowest tertile (T1, P < 0.02; all). A significant inverse correlation existed between urinary TPE and the plasma concentration of\VCAM‐1 (r = –0.301; P < 0.001). In addition, systolic and diastolic blood pressure (BP) decreased and plasma high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol increased in parallel with increasing urinary TPE (T3 vs. T1) ( P < 0.005 and P = 0.004, respectively). Increases in polyphenol intake measured as urinary TPE are associated with decreased inflammatory biomarkers, suggesting a dose‐dependent anti‐inflammatory effect of polyphenols. In addition, high polyphenol intake improves cardiovascular risk factors– mainly BP and the lipid profile.
DOI: 10.1111/bcp.12986
Authors: Alexander Medina‐Remón, Rosa Casas, Anna Tressserra‐Rimbau, Emilio Ros, Miguel A. Martínez‐González, Montserrat Fitó, Dolores Corella, Jordi Salas‐Salvadó, Rosa M. Lamuela‐Raventos, Ramón Estruch, on behalf of the PREDIMED Study Investigators
Institutions: Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red, Consorci Institut D'Investigacions Biomediques August Pi I Sunyer, Universitat de Barcelona, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Universidad de Navarra, Hospital Del Mar, Municipal Institute for Medical Research, Hospital del Mar Research Institute, Universitat de València, Institut de Recerca Biomèdica Catalunya Sud, Universitat Rovira i Virgili
Language: English
Topic: Nutritional Studies and Diet
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Open Access status: bronze
Funders: Amgen, Eli Lilly and Company, Pfizer, Sanofi, Alexion Pharmaceuticals, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad, Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación, Consejo Interinstitucional de Ciencia y Tecnología, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red-Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Grupo Ferrer Internacional, S.A, Instituto de Salud Carlos III
OpenAlex ID: W2339424168