Investigating the cardiovascular effects of antiretroviral drugs in a lean and high fat/sucrose diet rat model of obesity : an in vivo and ex vivo approach
Year: 2016
Type: dissertation
Abstract: An interaction exists between cardiovascular risk factors (e.g.obesity) and antiretroviral treatment (ART) in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease.While ART reverses HIVrelated weight loss, studies investigating ART effects in the context of obesity are lacking. Objective:To investigate the effects of Odumine® (first-line fixed ART-drug combination) on several cardio-metabolic parameters in a high fat/sucrose diet (HFD) rat model of obesity. Methods:Groups: Lean, untreated (C/-ART); HFD, untreated (HFD/-ART); Lean, treated (C/+ART); HFD, treated (HF/+ART).Sample size: n = 28 -34 / group; male Wistar rats.The HFD feeding programme followed for 16 weeks and ART treatment programme for the last 6 weeks of HFD feeding programme.The Endpoints measured included: Food and water consumption for the first 31 days during the drug treatment programme; Biometric measurements: Total body mass (TBM), intra-peritoneal (IP) fat mass, heart mass and liver mass; Blood and serum: Glucose, insulin, total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TGs); Thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS) and conjugated dienes (CD); Isolated heart perfusion: Functional recovery (Global ischaemia-reperfusion) and infarct sizes (Regional ishcaemia-reperfusion); Western blot (Pre-and post-ischaemia-reperfusion): Nitric oxide synthase (NOS) signalling (eNOS, PKB/Akt and AMPK), indicators of reactive oxygen species (ROS) (Nitrotyrosine and p22 phox) and an indicator of pro-inflammatory NF-κB signalling (IκBα) in heart tissue. Results:The HFD was validated by increases in TBM, IP fat mass and heart mass.The HFD was further validated by increased TG and TBARS levels (lipid peroxidation).Pre-ischaemia-Stellenbosch University https://scholar.sun.ac.zaOpsomming Inleiding: 'n Interaksie bestaan tussen kardiovaskulêre risikofaktore (bv.vetsug) en antiretrovirale behandeling (ART) in die ontwikkeling van kardiovaskulêre siekte.Terwyl ART HIVverwante gewigsverlies kan omkeer, is daar min bekend oor ART-effekte in die konteks van vetsug.
Author: Frans Everson
Language: English
Subfield: Infectious Diseases
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Open Access status: green
OpenAlex ID: W2345604413